摘要To examine the effects ofPopulus tomentiglandulosa (PT) extract on the expressions of antioxidant enzymes and neurotrophic factors in the comu ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus at 5 min after inducing transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI) in gerbils,TGCI was induced by occlusion of common carotid arteries for 5 min.Before ischemic surgery,200 mg·kg-1 PT extract was orally administrated once daily for 7 d.We performed neuronal nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade B staining.Furthermore,we determined in situ production of superoxide anion radical,expression levels of SOD 1 and SOD2 as antioxidant enzymes and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-I) as neurotrophic factors.Pretreatment with 200 mg·kg-1 PT extract prevented neuronal death (loss).Furthermore,pretreatment with 200 mg·kg-1 PT extract significantly inhibited the production of superoxide anion radical,increased expressions of SODs and maintained expressions of BDNF and IGF-I.Such increased expressions of SODs were maintained in the neurons after IRI.In summary,pretreated PT extract can significantly increase levels of SODs and protect the neurons against TGCI,suggesting that PT can be a useful natural agent to protect against TGCI.