摘要Inflammation represents a critical immune response triggered by cellular activities and in-flammatory mediators following tissue damage.It plays a central role in the pathological pro-gression of diverse diseases,including psychiatric disorders,cancer,and immunological con-ditions,rendering it an essential target for therapeutic intervention.Periodontitis,a preval-ent oral inflammatory disease,is a leading cause of tooth loss and poses significant health challenges globally.Traditionally,inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis have been treated with systemic administration of synthetic chemicals.However,recent years have wit-nessed challenges,including drug resistance and microbial dysbiosis associated with these treatments.In contrast,natural products derived from Chinese medicine offer numerous be-nefits,such as high safety profiles,minimal side effects,innovative pharmacological mechan-isms,ease of extraction,and multiple targets,rendering them viable alternatives to conven-tional antibiotics for treating inflammatory conditions.Numerous effective anti-inflammatory natural products have been identified in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),including alkal-oids,flavonoids,terpenoids,lignans,and other natural products that exhibit inhibitory ef-fects on inflammation and are potential therapeutic agents.Several studies have confirmed the substantial anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of these compounds.This comprehensive review examines the literature on the anti-inflammatory effects of TCM-derived natural products from databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,and CNKI,focus-ing on terms like"inflammation","periodontitis","pharmacology",and"traditional Chinese medicine".The analysis systematically summarizes the molecular pharmacology,chemical composition,and biological activities of these compounds in inflammatory responses,along-side their mechanisms of action.This research seeks to deepen understanding of the mechan-isms and biological activities of herbal extracts in managing inflammatory diseases,poten-tially leading to the development of promising new anti-inflammatory drug candidates.Fu-ture applications could extend to the treatment of various inflammatory conditions,including periodontitis.