摘要Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fuzi)represents a significant traditional Chinese medi-cine(TCM)that exhibits both notable pharmacological effects and toxicity.Various pro-cessing methods are implemented to reduce the toxicity of raw Fuzi by modifying its toxic and effective components,primarily diterpenoid alkaloids.To comprehensively analyze the chem-ical variations between different Fuzi products,ultra-high performance liquid chromato-graphy-linear ion trap quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS)was employed to systematically characterize Shengfuzi,Heishunpian and Baifupian.A total of 249 diterpenoid alkaloids present in Shengfuzi were identified,while only 111 and 61 in Heishunpian and Baifupian were detected respectively,indicating substantial differences among these products.An untargeted metabolomics approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis revealed 42 potential chemical markers.Through subsequent validation using 52 batches of commercial Heishunpian and Baifupian samples,8 robust markers distin-guishing these products were identified,including AC1-propanoic acid-3OH,HE-glucoside,HE-hydroxyvaleric acid-2OH,dihydrosphingosine,N-dodecoxycarbonylvaline and three un-known compounds.Additionally,the MS imaging(MSI)technique was utilized to visualize the spatial distribution of chemical constituents in raw Fuzi,revealing how different processing procedures affect the chemical variations between Heishunpian and Baifupian.The distribu-tion patterns of different diterpenoid alkaloid subtypes partially explained the chemical dif-ferences among products.This research provides valuable insights into the material basis for future investigations of different Fuzi products.