摘要Seven new sesquiterpenes,named penicipenoids A-G(1-7),were isolated from rice-based fermentation cultures of the marine sponge-derived fungus Penicillium sp.5975,together with ten known analogues(8-17).Their structures were elucidated using high-resolution mass spectrometry(HR-MS)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,suppor-ted by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calcula-tions.Penicipenoid A(1)features an unprecedented sesquiterpene scaffold characterized by a tricyclo[4.4.11,602,7]hendecane core.Penicipenoid D(4)contains an unusual furan substruc-ture within the cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid class,while penicipenoid F(6)represents a rare norsesquiterpene derivative lacking the carbon atom at the C-7 position.The in vivo anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were evaluated using transgenic fluorescent zebrafish models.Penicipenoids A-C(1-3)exhibited anti-oxidant activity in met-ronidazole(MTZ)-treated transgenic zebrafish embryos,whereas penicipenoid E(5)demon-strated potent anti-inflammatory activity in CuSO4-induced transgenic fluorescent zebrafish embryos.