摘要人工智能近年来在医疗领域取得了突破性的进展，尤其在结直肠癌诊疗方面更是得到充分应用。在数据分析方面，人工智能辅助诊疗在提升肠镜的敏感性、病理诊断的精确性等方面卓有成效，为结直肠癌的诊断工作提供了有力的支持，而在数据应用方面，人工智能在精准医疗、预后预测以及复发随访方面展现出独特的优势，充分发挥了计算机强大的数据处理能力，为结直肠癌的治疗发掘更多可能性，人工智能正在成为医疗领域的又一支柱。然而，人工智能当下还面临着高质量数据集匮乏、医保支付壁垒、算法泛化不足等问题的严峻考验。人工智能的困境已经由最初研发时期的算法优化、样本收集等技术问题逐渐转变为应用时期的伦理审核、医保壁垒、经济收益等社会问题。

abstractsIn recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved groundbreaking progress in the field of medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). In terms of data analysis, AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment has significantly improved the sensitivity of colonoscopy and the accuracy of pathological diagnosis, thereby providing robust support for CRC diagnosis. Regarding data utilization, AI demonstrates unique advantages in precision medicine, prognosis prediction, and recurrence follow-up, leveraging its powerful data processing capabilities to explore more possibilities for CRC treatment. AI is increasingly becoming a pillar of the medical field. However, AI still faces significant challenges, including a shortage of high-quality datasets, barriers in medical insurance reimbursement, and insufficient algorithm generalization. The challenges confronting AI have gradually shifted from technical issues such as algorithm optimization and sample collection during the initial development phase to societal concerns including ethical review, insurance reimbursement barriers, and economic benefits during the application phase.