摘要结直肠癌为全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，2022年其发病率与死亡率在我国所有的恶性肿瘤中高居第2位和第4位。尽管一线、二线治疗日益规范化并显著延长患者生存，但对于经标准治疗失败的转移性结直肠癌患者而言，三线治疗仍面临挑战。随着药物可选方案不断丰富，如何选择药物、确定用药顺序与时机等尚缺乏统一标准。因此，优化后线治疗策略以延长患者生存，已成为当前临床实践中亟待破解的关键命题。本文旨在综述转移性结直肠癌三线治疗的研究进展。

abstractsColorectal cancer(CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies globally. In China, it ranked second in incidence and fourth in mortality among all malignant tumors in 2022. Although first- and second-line treatments have become increasingly standardized and have substantially improved survival outcomes, later-line treatment for patients with metastatic CRC who have failed standard therapies remains challenging. With an expanding range of therapeutic options, the optimal choice, sequencing and timing of later-line treatments have yet to be clearly defined. Therefore, optimizing later-line treatment strategies to further improve survival has become an important issue in current clinical practice. This review summarizes recent advances in later-line treatment for metastatic CRC.