摘要高迁移率族蛋白B1（HMGB1）是警报素家族中最具代表性的物质，由活化的单核/巨噬细胞、坏死细胞主动或被动释放至细胞外，通过相关受体信号转导通路刺激多种炎性介质的产生，增强机体的炎症反应。近年来，因HMGB1水平高低可以反映机体炎症和损伤的严重程度，并与预后密切相关，使警报素HMGB1在脓毒症发生发展中越来越受到重视。通过回顾有关HMGB1在脓毒症中作用、相关信号通路及逆转措施的研究发现，HMGB1作为一种重要的炎性介质和预警信号参与了脓毒症的发病过程，成为脓毒症治疗的新靶点。未来需要进一步深化对HMGB1在脓毒症发病机制中作用的研究，研制与HMGB1联用的新型药物，将HMGB1在动物实验中的优势向临床转化。

abstractsHigh mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is the most representative substance in the alarmins family, it is actively or passively release to extracellular by the activation of monocyte/macrophage and the dead cells, and then it stimulates the production of a variety of inflammatory mediators, and increases the organism's inflammatory response through relevant receptors signaling pathways. In recent years, its concentration can reflect the severity of inflammation and injury and was related to the prognosis, HMGB1 has won more and more attention in the development of sepsis. By reviewing the study of HMGB1 in sepsis pathogenesis, signal pathway and reversal measures, it was found that HMGB1 was considered as an important inflammatory mediators and warning signal involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis, and was become a new target in the treatment of sepsis. Further research on the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of sepsis is needed in the future, and the development of new drugs combined with HMGB1 will be used in the study of HMGB1 in animal experiments.