摘要为了提高第一目击者知识的普及,推动全民急救意识的树立,中国老年保健协会第一目击者现场救护专业委员会制定了《现场救护第一目击者行动专家共识》.本共识针对我国急诊医疗服务体系(EMSS)关键而薄弱的现场救护环节,为大众提供第一目击者行动指引,指导公众在突发伤病与事件的"第一现场""第一时间""第一目击者"如何有效施救.强调在不同突发事件的"第一现场",如何强化风险预控、环境管控、整体联控;在"第一时间"如何正确判断识别、紧急呼救和实施初步急救;"第一目击者"具备的急救技能应包括心肺复苏(CPR)、体外自动除颤仪(AED)除颤、海姆立克法(Heimlich)即腹部冲击法、止血、包扎、固定、搬运等.提出进行全民普及急救知识与技能的最佳场地、最佳培训方式、最佳传播途径,并提倡从政策、法律、科技、文化等社会各个层面共同推进第一目击者行动计划.本共识借鉴了国外相关指南及科学依据,并结合我国实际国情,为第一目击者的行动及培训提供指引,旨在促进我国急救事业的发展.

abstractsTo improve the popularization of the knowledge of the first responders and promote the establishment of the awareness of the first aid, First Aid Professional Committee of Chinese Aging Well Association formulated the Expert consensus on the first responder of the first aid. This consensus aims at the critical and weak link of emergency medical service system (EMSS) in China, providing the public with the first responders action guidance, and guiding the public how to effectively rescue the "first scene", "first time" and "first responder" in the event of sudden injury or illness. Strengthen risk pre-control, environmental control and overall joint control in the "first scene" of different emergencies were emphasized. How to correctly judge, recognize, call for help and give first aid in the "first time" were presented. The first aid skills of the "first responder" should include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED) defibrillation, Heimlich (abdominal impingement), hemostasis, dressing, fixation, and handling. The best place, the best training method and the best communication way to popularize the first aid knowledge and skills were proposed, and the first responder action plan was jointly promoted from various social levels such as policy, law, science and technology, culture and so on. This consensus refers to relevant foreign guidelines and scientific basis and combines with Chinese actual national conditions to provide guidance for the first responders' action and training, aiming to promote the development of first aid in China.