摘要目的:探讨采用下腔静脉变异度（IVCV）联合中心静脉-动脉血二氧化碳分压差（Pcv-aCO 2）指导脓毒性休克液体复苏的效果。 方法:选择2018年1月1日至2020年12月31日江西省人民医院重症医学科收治的脓毒性休克患者，按照随机数字表法分为对照组及观察组。两组均按照脓毒性休克液体复苏指南给予液体复苏。对照组按早期目标导向治疗（EGDT）策略进行液体复苏；复苏目标：中心静脉压（CVP）12~15 cmH 2O（1 cmH 2O≈0.098 kPa），平均动脉压（MAP）>65 mmHg（1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa），平均尿量（UO）>0.5 mL·kg -1·h -1，中心静脉血氧饱和度（ScvO 2）>0.70。观察组采用床旁B超动态监测IVCV并结合Pcv-aCO 2评估患者复苏终点；复苏目标：下腔静脉充盈固定且直径>2 cm，IVCV<18%，Pcv-aCO 2<6 mmHg。观察两组患者复苏前及复苏6 h、24 h复苏指标的变化，并记录6 h复苏达标率、6 h乳酸清除率（LCR）、6 h和24 h液体总入量，同时比较两组患者机械通气时间、重症监护病房（ICU）住院时间、28 d病死率及急性肾衰竭和急性肺水肿的发生率。 结果:共80例患者纳入分析，对照组和观察组各40例。两组患者液体复苏6 h及24 h MAP、CVP、ScvO 2均较复苏前明显增加，而Pcv-aCO 2和血乳酸（Lac）均较复苏前明显下降，且UO随复苏时间延长逐渐增加，说明两种复苏终点评估方案均能缓解患者的休克状态。与复苏前比较，观察组复苏6 h及24 h IVCV明显下降〔（17.54±4.52）%、（18.32±3.64）%比（27.49±10.56）%，均 P<0.05〕。与对照组比较，观察组患者复苏6 h MAP、ScvO 2明显升高〔MAP（mmHg）：69.09±4.64比66.37±4.32，ScvO 2：0.666±0.033比0.645±0.035，均 P<0.05〕，24 h MAP明显升高（mmHg：75.16±3.28比70.12±2.18， P<0.05），但CVP偏低（cmH 2O：9.25±1.49比10.25±1.05， P<0.05），说明观察组复苏效率更高。与对照组比较，观察组复苏6 h LCR明显升高〔（55.64±6.23）%比（52.45±4.52）%， P<0.05〕，6 h和24 h液体总入量均明显下降（mL：2 860.73±658.32比3 568.54±856.43，4 768.65±1 085.65比5 385.34±1 354.83，均 P<0.05），且机械通气时间明显缩短（d：6.78±3.45比8.45±2.85， P<0.05），急性肺水肿发生率明显下降〔2.5%（1/40）比20.0%（8/40）， P<0.05〕；两组患者ICU住院时间、28 d病死率和急性肾衰竭发生率差异均无统计学意义。 结论:动态监测IVCV及Pcv-aCO 2可有效指导脓毒性休克患者早期液体复苏，而且与EGDT方案相比，可明显缩短患者机械通气时间，减少液体总入量，降低急性肺水肿发生率，结合其无创的特征，具有一定的临床优势。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the effect of inferior vena cava variability (IVCV) combined with difference of central venous-to-arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pcv-aCO 2) on guiding fluid resuscitation in septic shock. Methods:Patients with septic shock admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020 were enrolled, and they were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method. Patients in both groups were given fluid resuscitation according to septic shock fluid resuscitation guidelines. The patients in the control group received fluid resuscitation strictly according to the early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) strategy. Resuscitation target: central venous pressure (CVP) 12-15 cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O≈0.098 kPa), mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg (1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa), mean urine volume (UO) > 0.5 mL·kg -1·h -1, central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2) > 0.70. In the observation group, the endpoint of resuscitation was evaluated by IVCV dynamically monitored by bedside ultrasound and Pcv-aCO 2. Resuscitation target: fixed filling of inferior vena cava with diameter > 2 cm, IVCV < 18%, and Pcv-aCO 2 < 6 mmHg. The changes in recovery indexes before and 6 hours and 24 hours of resuscitation of the two groups were recorded, and the 6-hour efficiency of fluid resuscitation, 6-hour lactate clearance rate (LCR) and 6-hour and 24-hour total volume of resuscitation were also recorded; at the same time, the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, 28-day mortality and the incidence of acute renal failure and acute pulmonary edema between the two groups were compared. Results:A total of 80 patients were enrolled in the analysis, with 40 in the control group and 40 in the observation group. The MAP, CVP and ScvO 2 at 6 hours and 24 hours of resuscitation in the two groups were significantly higher than those before resuscitation, while Pcv-aCO 2 and blood lactic acid (Lac) were significantly decreased, and UO was increased gradually with the extension of resuscitation time, indicating that both resuscitation endpoint evaluation schemes could alleviate the shock state of patients. Compared with before resuscitation, IVCV at 6 hours and 24 hours of resuscitation in the observation group were decreased significantly [(17.54±4.52)%, (18.32±3.64)% vs. (27.49±10.56)%, both P < 0.05]. Compared with the control group, MAP and ScvO 2 at 6 hours of resuscitation in the observation group were significantly increased [MAP (mmHg): 69.09±4.64 vs. 66.37±4.32, ScvO 2: 0.666±0.033 vs. 0.645±0.035, both P < 0.05], 24-hour MAP was increased significantly (mmHg: 75.16±3.28 vs. 70.12±2.18, P < 0.05), but CVP was relatively lowered (cmH 2O: 9.25±1.49 vs. 10.25±1.05, P < 0.05), indicating that the fluid resuscitation efficiency was higher in the observation group. Compared with the control group, 6-hour LCR in the observation group was significantly increased [(55.64±6.23)% vs. (52.45±4.52)%, P < 0.05], 6-hour and 24-hour total volume of resuscitation was significantly decreased (mL: 2 860.73±658.32 vs. 3 568.54±856.43, 4 768.65±1 085.65 vs. 5 385.34±1 354.83, both P < 0.05), the duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly shortened (days: 6.78±3.45 vs. 8.45±2.85, P < 0.05), while the incidence of acute pulmonary edema was significantly decreased [2.5% (1/40) vs. 20.0% (8/40), P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in the length of ICU stay, 28-day mortality or incidence of acute renal failure between the two groups. Conclusions:Dynamic monitoring of IVCV and Pcv-aCO 2 can effectively guide the early fluid resuscitation of patients with septic shock, and compared with EGDT, it can significantly shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation, reduce the amount of fluid resuscitation, and reduce the incidence of acute pulmonary edema. Combined with its non-invasive characteristics, it has certain clinical advantages.