摘要目的:分析急性敌草快（DQ）中毒患者的临床特征，进一步提高对急性DQ中毒的认识。方法:回顾分析2019年1月1日至2021年12月31日河北医科大学第二医院急诊科确诊的急性DQ中毒患者的临床资料，包括性别、年龄、服毒途径、有无合并其他毒（药）物中毒、服毒量、服毒至本院就诊时间、临床表现、入院实验室指标、治疗方案、住院时间、预后及服毒至死亡时间。结果:2019、2020、2021年本院每年接诊首诉急性DQ中毒患者数分别为19、28、51例，其中12例经毒物检测确诊为百草枯（PQ）中毒予以排除，最终纳入86例急性DQ中毒患者。其中口服DQ中毒80例，包括单纯DQ中毒70例（存活42例，死亡28例）和混合中毒10例（存活6例，死亡4例）；肌内注射（肌注）DQ中毒1例，双眼接触DQ中毒1例，皮肤接触DQ中毒4例，最终6例均存活。经口服毒至本院就诊时间为0.5~96.0 h，平均（8.6±5.8）h；肌注中毒至本院就诊时间为3.0 h；皮肤接触中毒至本院就诊时间晚，平均66.1 h。经口单纯DQ中毒至死亡时间为12.0~108.0 h，经口混合DQ中毒至死亡时间为24.0~576.0 h。70例单纯口服DQ中毒患者出现不同程度的多器官损伤，所有患者服毒后均出现恶心、呕吐等消化道症状，以肾损伤及中枢神经系统损伤最为显著，且与患者预后密切相关。结论:急性口服DQ中毒可造成多器官损害，临床表现与服毒量相关，严重者多在服毒后24 h内即出现急性肾功能衰竭、顽固性循环衰竭，36 h内出现以意识障碍为主要表现的中枢神经严重损伤，随后进展为多器官衰竭直至死亡。

abstractsObjective:To explore the clinical features of acute diquat (DQ) poisoning, and further improve the awareness of acute DQ poisoning.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of patients with acute DQ poisoning diagnosed in the emergency department of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. The clinical data included age, gender, exposure routes, presence of pesticides (drugs) mixture poisoning, dosage of poison, the time from taking poisoning to admitting in the emergency department, clinical manifestations, laboratory data, treatment, hospital days, prognosis and survival days.Results:The number of cases who firstly complained of acute DQ poisoning in the past three years were 19 cases in 2019, 28 cases in 2020, and 51 cases in 2021. A total of 12 patients were excluded due to being diagnosed paraquat (PQ) poisoning by toxicology detection. Finally, 86 cases of acute DQ poisoning were included, including 80 cases of oral DQ poisoning, 1 case of intramuscular injection, 1 case of binocular contact and 4 cases of dermal exposure. In 80 cases of oral DQ poisoning, there were 70 cases of diquat poisoning alone (42 cases survived, 28 cases died) and 10 cases of pesticide mixture poisoning (6 cases survived, 4 cases died). The time from oral poisoning to admitting in the emergency department was 0.5-96.0 hours, with an average of (8.6±5.8) hours. The time of intramuscular injection poisoning to admitting in the emergency department was 3 hours. The time of dermal exposure to admitting in the emergency department was relatively long, with an average of 66.1 hours. The time from oral simple DQ poisoning to death was 12.0-108.0 hours, and the time from oral mixed DQ poisoning to death was 24.0-576.0 hours. A total of 70 patients with oral diquat poisoning alone presented various degrees of multiple organ injuries. All patients presented gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. Renal injury and central nervous system injury were the most significant and closely related to the prognosis.Conclusions:Acute oral DQ poisoning can cause to multiple organ injuries, and the clinical manifestations are related to the dose of the poison. In severe cases, acute renal failure and refractory circulatory failure occur within 24 hours after poisoning, and severe central nervous system injury with disturbance of consciousness as the primary manifestation occurs within 36 hours, followed by multiple organ failure until death.