摘要目的 比较当代我国城乡青少年恐惧内容的差异.方法 采用修订过的儿童恐惧调查表-Ⅱ对648名城市、478名农村青少年施测.结果 (1)城乡青少年最恐惧的相同事件为服用有害毒品、家人出了意外事故、不能呼吸、家人去世、核战争、自己的国家被侵略、父母分居或离婚、被绑架、死人,不同的是艾滋病(农村),没有朋友(城市).(2)农村青少年在恐惧对象的数目(t =11.42,P <0.01)、总体[(城市(1.62±0.28)分,农村(1.83±0.26)分,t =12.72,P <0.01]和各纬度恐惧水平( P <0.01)都显著地高于城市青少年;(3)在危险与伤害[女(2.20±0.41)分,男(2.02±0.45)分,F =85.46,P <0.01]、动物[女(1.84±0.47)分,男(1.54±0.45)分,F =156.86,P <0.01]、社会关系[女(2.28±0.42)分,男(2.19±0.47)分,F =32.23,P <0.01]上的恐惧水平城乡女生显著地高于城乡男生.(4)在危险与伤害( F =17.164,P <0.01)和总体恐惧上( F =13.781,P <0.01)随着年龄增长城乡青少年的恐惧水平逐渐下降;在未知不确定事物( F =5.01,P <0.01)和社会关系( F =4.42,P <0.05)恐惧上城乡初中生明显地高于高中生;在失败、惩罚和错误维度上( F =17.79,P <0.01)城市初中显著地高于高中生. 结论 (1)在最常见的恐惧事件,危险与伤害恐惧、总体恐惧、未知不确定事物和社会关系恐惧的发展趋势上,城乡青少年具有一致性;(2)在恐惧对象的数目、总体和各纬度的恐惧水平上农村青少年高于城市青少年,在失败、惩罚和错误恐惧上城乡青少年的变化趋势不一致.

abstractsObjective To compare the features of adolescents' normal fear between urban and rural areas in China. Methods 648 Urban and 478 rural adolescents were investigated with the revised Fear Survey Schedule For Children -II . Results (1)The most common fear of adolescents in urban and rural areas was very same,namely taking dangerous drugs,someone in my family having an accident,not being able to breath,someone in my family dying,nuclear war,my parents separating or getting divorced,being kidnapped,but only one item was not same ,namely urban adolescents fear having no friends ,rural adolescents fear AIDS. (2)The amount of fear items( t =11.42,P <0.01) and the degree of general fear (urban =1.62±0.28,rural =1.83±0.26,t =12.72,P <0.01) ,each dimension fear(P <0.01) of rural adolescents were significantly higher than that of urban adolescents.(3)The degree of fear about danger and injure( F =85.46,P <0.01),animal (female=1.84±0.47,male=1.54±0.45,F =156.86,P <0.01),social relationship ( F =32.23,P <0.01)of female adolescents were significantly higher than that of male adolescents.(4) In all adolescents ,the degree of the general fears( F =13.781,P <0.01) danger and injure fears( F =17.164,,P <0.01) decreased gradually as they grew up ,and the degree of unknown and uncertainty fear(( F =5.01,P <0.01),social fear ( F =4.42,P <0.05)of middle school students were higher than that of high school students; urban middle school students were significantly higher than that of urban high school students in failure and punishment fear.Conclusion (1)There are significant consistency on the most normal fears,the trend of development about the general fears,danger and injure fears,unknown and uncertainty fear,social fear for adolescents between urban and rural areas .(2)The amount of fear items and the degree of general fear ,each dimension fear of school-aged rural adolescents were significantly higher than that of urban adolescents;and there isn't common trend of development on the failure and punishment fear for rural and urban adolescents.