摘要目的 探索急性应激中军校新生自我效能对急性心理应激反应的影响作用.方法 用相关问卷调查683名被试的自我效能、应对方式、人格特征;用实验法测量被试急性心理应激反应.结果 ①低自我效能新生人格特征的社会内向(Si)[(54.35±11.95)分,(34.35±10.21)分,P<0.01] 、外显性焦虑(Mas)[(55.10±12.27)分,(37.59±8.58),P<0.01]、依赖性(Dy)[( 54.03±9.53)分,(40.85±9.00)分,P<0.01]和应对方式中的消极应对(Nc)[(10.85±3.83)分,(7.58±3.62),P<0.01]显著高于高自我效能新生,低自我效能新生人格特征的支配性(Do)、社会责任感(Re)和应对方式中的积极应对(Pc)显著低于高自我效能新生(t=5.12,2.11,3.90,P<0.05或P<0.01);军校新生自我效能与人格特征的Si、Mas、Dy和应对方式中的Nc负相关(r=-0.586～-0.359,P<0.01),军校新生自我效能与人格特征的Do、Re和应对方式中的Pc正相关(r=0.172～0.460,P<0.05,P<0.01);在与自我效能相关的人格特征、应对方式诸因素中,Si、Dy、Pc进入回归方程.②低自我效能新生的心理应激总分显著低于高自我效能新生(t=3.92,P<0.01),自我效能与心理应激总分和行为反应、情绪反应、战斗力发挥分量表得分正相关(r=0.187～0.346,P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 人格特征、应对方式影响军校新生的自我效能,自我效能是应激源和急性应激反应间的中介因素.

abstractsObjective To explore how the freshmen's self-efficiency influence the acute stress psychological reaction. Methods Self-efficiency, coping styles, personality were assessed by relevant questionnaires, and acute stress psychological reaction was measured by means of designing a experiment in 683 freshmen of military colleges.Results ①Freshmen with low self-efficiency had higher scores in Si,Mas,Dy,Nc(t=8.05,7.49,6.36,3.93,P<0.01)and lower scores in Do,Re,Pc(t=5.12,2.11,3.90,P<0.05 or P<0.01)than freshmen with high one.Among all factors mentioned above, Si,Dy,Pc got into regression equation. ② Freshmen with low self-efficiency had lower stress score than ones with higher self-efficiency(t=3.92,P<0.01).Freshmen's self-efficiency was positively correlated to total scale score and 3 subscale scores of the acute psychological stress reaction questionnaire(r=0.187～0.346,P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Personality,coping style exerted influence on the freshmen's self-efficiency which is a mediator between stressors and acute psychological stress reaction.