摘要目的 对7～12岁学龄期儿童冲突监测的行为学及事件相关电位(ERP)进行研究,探讨各年龄组儿童冲突监测的发展变化特点.方法 7～12岁正常儿童131名,采用持续性操作测试(CPT)任务,对各年龄组儿童行为学和ERP非靶N2波幅进行比较分析.结果 1.行为学:随年龄增长,靶刺激的反应时缩短[分别为(533.33±66.65)ms,(523.91±92.96)ms,(468.37±64.13)ms,(461.48±98.31)ms,(457.57±84.05)ms,(405.02±67.90)ms],击中数增加[分别为(34.87±4.84)个,(37.64±3.54)个,(37.95±2.92)个,(38.67±1.23)个,(39.31±1.08)个,(39.45±1.00)个],各年龄组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).2.ERP:①非靶N2波幅显著高于靶,差异有统计学意义(F=98.57,P＜0.01).②非靶N2波幅随年龄增长波幅降低,年龄组间比较,差异有统计学意义(F=5.54,P＜0.01).结论 非靶N2与冲突监测密切相关,行为学和ERP结果均显示年龄发展的变化趋势,8～10岁,12岁是儿童信息加工速度、注意及冲突监测认知能力发展的关键期.

abstractsObjective The present study aimed to trace the behavior results and event-related potential (ERP) of conflict monitoring from 7 ～ 12 years old to explore the development features of the conflict monitoring.Methods In six groups of 144 children aged from 7 to 12,behavior and non-target N2 amplitude were analyzed in continuous performance test (CPT) task. Results 1. Behavior results:the reaction time of target stimulus decreased ( ( 533.33 ± 66.65 ) ms, (523.91 ± 92.96 ) ms, (468.37 ± 64. 13 ) ms, ( 46 1.48 ± 98.31 ) ms, (457.57 ±84.05 ) ms, (405.02 ± 67.90) ms) and the hitting number increased ( ( 34.87 ± 4.84 ), ( 37.64 ± 3.54 ), ( 37.95± 2.92 ), (38.67 ± 1.23 ), (39.31 ± 1.08 ), ( 39.45 ± 1.00 ) ) as age increased, and the difference was statistically significant ( P＜0.01 ). 2. ERP: ①The non-target N2 amplitude was significantly higher than the target,and the difference was statistically significant (F= 98.57, P＜ 0.01 ). ②The amplitude of non-target N2 amplitude decreased with age, and the difference was statistically significant (F= 5.54, P＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The non-target N2 was closely related to the monitoring conflict, and the behavior and ERP results in this study showed the development trend. 8 ～ l0 and 12 years old are the critical development period of information processing speed, attention and conflict monitoring function for children.