摘要目的 分析家庭暴力受虐者的求助方式.方法 采取多级分层抽样方法,用自编家庭暴力求助方式问卷,对306名家庭暴力受虐者进行访谈.结果 33.7%的家庭暴力受虐者感到无处求助.受虐者的求助对象居前3位的依次为:家庭其他成员(34.6%)、邻居亲友(17.0%)和村/居委会(12.5%),其中向村/居委会求助的有效率最高(71.1%).城市受虐者向家庭其他成员和妇联的求助率高于农村和工业区(向家庭其他成员求助率44.6%,35.8%和23.0%,x2=9.962;向妇联求助率8.9%,0和2.0%,x2=10.310,均P＜0.01),农村受虐者向村/居委会的求助率高于城市和工业区(30.3%,3.0%和2.0%,x2=49.397,P＜0.01).男性受虐者的求助对象居前3位的依次为:家庭其他成员(27.3%)、村/居委会(15.8%)和邻居亲友(10.9%),女性则为:家庭其他成员(38.0%)、邻居亲友(20.0%)和村/居委会(10.8%),女性向邻居亲友的求助率高于男性(20.0%,10.9%,x2=3.980,P＜0.05).成年受虐者向家庭其他成员求助率低于儿童和老年者(31.6%,42.0%和46.9%,x2=5.993,P＜0.05),老年受虐者向村/居委会的求助率高于成年和儿童(28.1%,12.1%和4.0%,x2=9.930,P＜0.01).大学及以上文化程度者的无处求助率最高(47.8%),向家庭其他成员和村/居委会的求助率均以小学文化者最高(分别为38.5%和24.0%),大学及以上文化者最低(分别为17.4%和0).结论 家庭暴力受虐者的求助方式因地域、年龄、性别和文化程度不同而有所差异.

abstractsObjective To analysis the victim's help-seeking behavior of domestic violence. Methods Using a multi-stage sampling strategy,306 victims of domestic violence were randomly selected and face-to-face interviewed. A self-designed help-seeking questionnaire of domestic violence was administered. Results 33.7%victims felt nowhere to seek help. The three leading helpers they seek were the other family member (34.6%),neighbor and friend( 17.0% ) and community office ( 12.5% ) ,and the community office had highest prevalence of effect (71. 1% ). The prevalence of seeking help from other family member and Women's Federation were highest in urban victims (P＜0.01) ,and seeking help from community office was highest in rural victims (P＜0.01). The three leading helpers were other family member (27.3%) ,community office ( 15.8% ) and neighbor and friend ( 10.9% ) by male victims, and other family member ( 38.0% ), neighbor and friend ( 20.0% ) and community office ( 10.8% ) by female victims. The prevalence of seeking help from neighbor and friend was higher in female than in male ( 20.0% vs 10.9%, x2 = 3. 980, P＜ 0.05 ). Adult victims seek help from other family member were less than children and the elderly (31.6% vs 42.0% and 46.9%, x2 =5.993, P＜0.05),and the elderly seek help from community office were more than adults and children (28.1% vs 12. 1% and 4.0%, x2 =9.930, P＜0.01 ). The victims with higher level of education were with higher prevalence of feeling nowhere to seek help (47.8%). Seeking help from other family member and community office were most in victims with lower level of education( 38.5% and 24.0% ,respectively) and were least in victims with higher level of education ( 17.4% and 0,respectively, P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Help-seeking behaviors of victims of domestic violence are varied by geographic settings,age,gender and education levels.