摘要目的 研究城市农民工子女的行为问题及影响因素.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,用Achenbach儿童行为量表(Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)和人口调查表对上海市宝山区全部7所农民工子女学校小学3～6年级及初中1～3年级学生及其家庭进行调查,共4350人有效完成问卷(95.4％).结果 (1)农民工子女行为问题检出率为11.2％;12～16岁组检出率为12.8％,其中男生14.7％,女生10.4％,男女生之间差异有统计学意义(x2 =7.162,P＜0.05)；独生子女行为问题的检出率11.4％,非独生子女为11.2％,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.038,P＞0.05).(2)6～11岁男生CBCL总分[(20.64±17.67)分]及分裂样、抑郁、多动、违纪等因子分高于全国常模,6～11岁女生CBCL总分[(17.23±14.73)分]及分裂样、抑郁、社交退缩、多动、违纪等因子分高于全国常模,12～16岁男生CBCL总分[(20.44±19.32)分]及所有因子分高于全国常模,12～ 16岁女生CBCL总分[(17.02±16.72)分]及不成熟、违纪、残忍等因子分高于全国常模,均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).(3)以CBCL总分作为因变量进行多元回归分析,亲子关系分别进入不同年龄性别组的回归方程(P＜0.05).结论 城市农民工未成年子女的行为问题特征与发生率不同于城市儿少.在家庭各危险因素中,亲子关系不良对儿少心理问题的产生影响最显著.

abstractsObjective To survey prevalence of behavior problems in children of off-farm workers and effects of family factors on children' s behavior problems.Methods The study was done in the whole 7 schools for off-farm workers' children in Shanghai Baoshan district,including all 3 ～ 6 grades students of primary school and 1 ～3 grades students of junior high school.Totally 4350 students finished survey (95.4％).Achenbach' s child behavior checklist ( CBCL,parent' s version) and general family questionnaire were used.Results ( 1 ) Prevalence of behavior problems in children was 11.2％ ; 12.8％ 12 ～ 16 years children had behavior problems( 14.7％boys and 10.4％ girls) ; 11.4％ of one-child children had behavior problems compared with that of 11.2％ child with siblings children ( x2 =0.038,P ＞ 0.05 ).(2) Total score ( 20.64 ± 17.67 ) and factor scores of thought problems,depressed,hyperactivity,delinquent rule-breaking behavior were higher than those of Chinese norm (P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ) among 6 ～ 11 years boy group.Total score ( 17.23 ± 14.73 ) and scores of thought problems,depressed,social problems,hyperactivity,delinquent rule-breaking behavior were higher than those of Chinese norm (P ＜ 0.01 ) among 6 ～ 11 years girl group.Among 12 ～ 16 years boy group,total score (20.44 ± 19.32) and all factor scores of CBCL were higher than those of Chinese norm(P＜0.01 ).Total score ( 17.02 ± 16.72) and scores of immature,delinquent rule-breaking behavior,brutality were higher than those of Chinese norm(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01 ) among 6 ～ 11 years girl group.(3)Multi-regression analysis showed that poor parent-child relationship was the most important predict factor for higher score of CBCL among all family risk factors (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Children of the off-farm workers and their families need special mental health care program.