摘要目的 比较精神分裂症患者和正常人的前瞻记忆任务完成情况,利用多项式加工树(multinomial processing tree,MPT)模型分析并探究不同被试在完成前瞻记忆任务内部认知情况及影响精神分裂症患者前瞻记忆的具体成分.方法 选取17例精神分裂症患者和17例神经心理学背景相匹配的正常被试,通过颜色匹配任务,对两组被试的前瞻记忆能力进行测查,利用MPT模型对前瞻记忆的内部成分进行分析.结果 精神分裂症患者和正常对照组的前瞻记忆成绩为(21.83±2.46)％,(38.81±2.26)％,差异有统计学意义(t=2.11,P＜0.05);进行中任务成绩为(75.88±0.43)％,(71.44±0.45)％,差异有统计学意义(t=2.79,P＜0.05);精神分裂症患者的反应时显著长于正常人[(2.34±1.41)s,(1.81±1.19)s],差异有统计学意义(t=11.24,P＜0.05);精神分裂症患者的前瞻成分参数显著低于正常人(0.82 vs 0.97),差异有统计学意义(G2(1)=9.56,P＜0.01);精神分裂症患者的回溯成分参数显著高于正常人(0.54 vs0.41),差异有统计学意义(G2(1)14.17,P＜0.01).结论 精神分裂症患者事件前瞻记忆的前瞻成分低于正常对照,从而降低了其前瞻记忆成绩.

abstractsObjective To compare the difference of prospective memory(PM) between schizophrenia patients and normal people,and to analyze the internal component of prospective memory using multinomial processing tree(MPT) model.Methods 17 schizophrenia patients and 17 age-and education-matched control participants completed an event-based PM task which was embedded within an ongoing computer-based color-matching task.Internal component of prospective memory was analyzed using multinomial processing tree(MPT) model.Results The scores of prospective memory performance in schizophrenia patients and normal controls were (21.83± 2.46) ％ and (38.81±2.26) ％, and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.11, P＜0.05).The difference of ongoing task between schizophrenia patients ((75.88±0.43) ％) and controls ((71.44±0.45) ％) was statistically significant (t=2.79, P＜0.05).The reaction time of schizophrenia patients was significantly longer than that of normal controls((2.34±1.41) s vs (1.81± 1.19) s, t=11.24, P＜ 0.05).The MPT model revealed a significant group difference in the prospective component (0.82 vs 0.97, G2(1)=14.17, P＜ 0.01) and retrospective component (0.54 vs 0.41 ,G2(1) 14.17, P＜0.01).Conclusion The prospective component of event-based prospective memory of schizophrenia patients was lower than normal controls,which may result in the impairment of PM performance.