摘要目的 探讨伴有智力低下孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童智力结构特点.方法 采用修订的韦氏儿童智力量表-中国版(Wechsler intelligence scale for children-Chinese edition WISC-R),对37例伴有智力低下的孤独症谱系障碍儿童和与之在性别、年龄相匹配的40名单纯智力低下儿童进行测试.结果 ASD组和对照组的总智商(full intelligence quotient,FIQ)分别为(54.70±8.26)分、(54.60±7.17)分,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).ASD组的言语商(verbal intelligence quotient,VIQ)和操作商(performance intelligence quotient,PIQ)分别为(54.70±8.26)分、(64.51±12.25)分,对照组为(56.70±8.02)分、(57.25±9.43)分,ASD组表现出更低的VIQ和更高的PIQ,组间比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.582,P＜0.01;t=2.928,P＜0.01);ASD组VIQ-PIQ差异有统计学意义(t=8.14,P＜0.01),对照组VIQ-PIQ差异无统计学意义.所有分测验中以拼图、积木得分高,理解得分最低.FIQ、VIQ以及常识、算术、理解、排列分测验得分与孤独症行为量表(ABC)总分呈负相关(r=-0.36,P＜0.05;r=-0.40,P＜0.05;r=-0.41,P＜0.05:r=-0.44,P＜0.01;r=-0.44,P＜0.01;r=-0.35,P＜0.05).结论 伴有智力低下孤独症谱系障碍儿童有特殊的认知模式,可为制定干预策略提供参考.

abstractsObjective To explore the intellectual profile of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) combined with hypophrenia.Methods The study followed a matching design,37 children with ASD combined with hypophrenia and 40 with simply intelligence disability while paired based on gender and age were selected.The intellectual profile of the studied children was determined with the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-Chinese edition (WISC-R) scale.Results The full intelligence quotient (FIQ) of the ASD group and the control group were (54.70±8.26) and (54.60-±7.17),the differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Verbal intelligence quotient(VIQ) and performance intelligence quotient(PIQ) of ASD group were(54.70±8.26) and (64.51±12.25) and the control group were(56.70±8.02) and(57.25±9.43).Children with ASD scored lower on VIQ and higher on PIQ.There was significant difference between the two groups(t=3.582,P＜0.01;t=2.928,P＜0.01).There was statistically significant difference on VIQ-PIQ of ASD group(t=8.14,P＜0.01).The group with ASD had a profile characterized by a high score on Puzzle and Block Design with a low comprehension score.The score of FIQ,VIQ as well as information,arithmetic,comprehension,Picture arrangement were negatively correlated with ABC (r=-0.36,P＜0.05;r=-0.40,P＜ 0.05;r=-0.41,P＜0.05;r=-0.44,P＜0.01;r=-0.44,P＜0.01;r=-0.35,P＜0.05).Conclusion Children with autism spectrum disorders with hypophrenia have special cognitive profile,which can be used to provide basis for making intervention strategies.