摘要目的 评价苦豆子总碱对大鼠神经行为功能和神经递质表达的影响.方法 选用48只SD雄性大鼠,随机分为空白组、苦豆子总碱低、中、高剂量组(4、8、16 mg·kg-1·d-1),连续灌胃给药30 d后,采用自主活动实验检测各组大鼠的神经行为功能和情绪状态,采用ELISA实验方法检测大鼠血清和脑组织中单胺类神经递质色氨酸(Trp)、5-羟基色氨酸(5-HTP)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、多巴胺(DA)的含量.结果 自主活动实验中,水平运动次数苦豆子总碱中、高剂量组[(61.64±5.91)次、64.62±5.79)次]与空白组[(95.33±12.75)次]相比明显减少(均P<0.05),垂直运动次数苦豆子总碱中、高剂量组[(3.05±0.09)次、3.77±0.69)次]与空白组[(4.33±0.66)次]相比明显减少(P<0.05,P<0.01).排便粒数高剂量组[(3.38±0.40)粒]与空白组[(2.25±0.39)粒]相比明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),情绪紧张程度加强.同时,苦豆子总碱低、中、高剂量组均能明显提高大鼠血清及脑组织中5-HT、5-HIAA含量(P<0.01),但对5-HT前体物质Trp、5-HTP含量无明显影响(P>0.05),以及对儿茶酚胺神经递质NE、E和DA含量无明显影响(P>0.05).相关分析显示,大鼠自主活动程度与血清中5-HT、5-HIAA和DA含量呈负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01),大鼠情绪紧张程度与脑组织中5-HT、5-HIAA含量呈负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 苦豆子总碱具有减少大鼠活动程度和增加情绪紧张程度的作用,可能与血清及脑组织中5-HT及5-HIAA含量升高有关.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the effect of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L on the nervous behavior and the expression of neurotransmitters in rats. Methods 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank group,total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L treatment with 4 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ( low dose group) ,8 mg·kg-1 ·d-1( medium dose group) and 16 mg·kg-1 ·d-1( high dose group) groups. After successive intragastric administration for 30 days,the locomotor activity was applied to test the nervous behavior and emotional state of rats in each group. After behavioral tests were finished,the contents of trypto-phan (Trp),5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP),5-serotonin (5-HT),5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), norepinephrine (NE),epinephrine (E) and dopamine (DA) were detected by ELISA in serum and brain. Results In the experiment of locomotor activity,compared with blank group ((95.33±12.75) times),the numbers of horizontal movement of Sophora alopecuroides L in medium and high dose group ( ( 61. 64 ± 5.91),(64.62±5.79)times both P<0.05) were significantly reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01).Compared with the blank group ((4.33±0.66) times),the numbers of vertical motion of Sophora alopecuroides L in medium and high dose group ((3.05±0.09)times,(3.77±0.69)times) were significantly reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with blank group ((2.25±0.39) number),the granule number in high dose group ((3.38±0.40) number) were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01),and emotional stress degree increased. Meanwhile,compared with blank group,the content detection of 5-HT,5-HIAA in different dose groups of the total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L was improved obviously(P<0.01),but there was no significant effect on the content of Trp,5-HTP,NE,E,DA(P>0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that the degree of au-tonomic activity in rats with the content of 5-HT,5-HIAA and DA in serum was negatively correlated (P<0.05, P<0.01) ,the degree of emotional stress and the content of 5-HT,5-HIAA in brain was negatively cor-related (P<0.05, P<0.01) . Conclusion The total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L can reduce the ac-tivity of rats and increase the degree of emotional stress. And the mechanism may be correlated with the in-creasing level of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in serum and brain.