摘要目的探讨酒精所致的精神和行为障碍患者复饮的影响因素.方法以2013年1月至2015年8月在无锡市精神卫生中心住院并符合ICD-10诊断标准的103例男性酒精所致的精神和行为障碍的患者作为研究对象,自制调查表收集其基线数据,出院1年后随访其是否饮酒.采用Kaplan-Meier法对不同住院时间患者的复饮时间进行统计分析.采用Cox比例风险模型分析年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、家族史、吸烟、固定经济收入、既往住院次数、饮酒年限、入院前一月日均饮酒量、精神异常时间、精神症状、住院天数、躯体状况、出院时精神状态等因素对复饮时间的影响.结果(1)采用log rank检验对不同住院时间患者的复饮时间进行比较(χ2=0.069,P=0.966),差异无统计学意义.(2)既往住院次数(RR=1.074,95%CI=1.002~1.151,P=0.042)和入院前一月日平均饮酒量(RR=1.035,95%CI=1.012~1.059,P=0.003)是复饮的危险因素.结论既往住院次数和日均饮酒量均是一年内复饮的危险因素,未发现延长住院时间能降低酒精复饮风险.

abstractsObjective To explore the factors of relapse in alcohol-induced psychiatric and behavioral disorders.Methods103 male inpatients met with the diagnostic criteria of alcohol-induced psychiatric and behavioral disorders according to ICD-10 were enrolled.All patients were hospitalized from Wuxi Mental Center from January 2013 to August 2015.As baseline,information was obtained within all patients,and relapse was evaluated one year after discharge.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to statistically analyze the alcohol relapse time of patients with different length of hospitalization.Cox regression was used to explore the risk factors for alcohol relapse,including age,education level,marital status,family history,smoking,fixed income,number of hospitalizations,duration of alcohol intake,average daily alcohol intake,time of psychosis,psychiatric symptoms,length of hospitalization,physical condition and mental condition.Results(1)The analysis (log rank) showed that the length of hospitalization had no significant statistical differences with relapse(χ2=0.069,P=0.966).(2) The number of hospitalizations (RR=1.074,95%CI=1.002-1.151,P=0.042) and average daily alcohol intake(RR=1.035,95%CI=1.012-1.059,P=0.003) were the risk factors for relapse.ConclusionThe number of hospitalizations and average daily alcohol intake are risk factors for relapse within a year in male inpatients with alcohol-induced psychiatric and behavioral disorders.Prolonged hospital stay has no help to reduce relapse in those people.