摘要精神分裂症是一种常见的病因未明的重性精神疾病,其中大约1/7～1/3起病于儿童和青少年,儿童精神分裂症治疗更加困难、预后更加差,所以进行早期识别并及时干预有着重大的意义.事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)是大脑在感受外界或内在刺激过程中产生的生物电活动,可以反映大脑认知活动中的神经电生理变化.近年来,国内外学者试图通过ERPs寻找儿童精神分裂症早期识别的生物标志物,主要研究成分包括:错误相关负电位(ERN)、失匹配负波(MMN)、N100、P300等,发现在有精神分裂症前驱期症状和高危儿童青少年中,ERN、MMN、N100、P300均存在波幅降低,P300潜伏期延长.但其中一些结果尚缺乏一致性,需进一步进行研究,并结合脑影像学以及分子生物学进行临床验证,将对儿童精神分裂症的早期识别有更大的帮助.

abstractsSchizophrenia is a common severe mental illness with unknown etiology, 1/7-1/3 of which onset in children and adolescents. The treatment of childhood schizophrenia is more difficult,and the prognosis is even worse,so the early identification and timely intervention has great significance. Event-relat-ed potentials ( ERPs) are bioelectrical activities that occur in the brain during external or internal stimuli. They reflect the electrophysiological changes in the brain during cognitive activity. In recent years,scholars at home and abroad have tried to find biomarkers of early identification of childhood schizophrenia through ERPs. The main contents include:error related negativity (ERN),mismatched negativity (MMN),N100, P300 and so on.It was found that children and adolescents with schizophrenia prodromal symptoms and high-risk children and adolescents have decreased ERN,MMN,N100,P300 amplitudes,and prolonged P300 laten-cy. However,some of these results are still lack of consistency and need further research. And combined with brain imaging and molecular biology for clinical validation,it will be more helpful to the early identification of childhood schizophrenia.