摘要雾霾是由多种物质组成的混合物,其主要成分为二氧化硫、氮氧化物和可吸入颗粒物(particulate matter,PM).研究发现PM2. 5不仅影响呼吸系统及心血管系统,还会影响认知功能,造成记忆力下降、执行功能减退等认知损害,随着PM2. 5浓度水平的增高,认知功能逐渐下降.雾霾可以造成脑组织的器质性改变,研究证明雾霾造成炎症、氧化应激反应、神经变性等中枢神经系统损伤,并通过干扰基因表达和调控过程导致认知功能受损;雾霾增加了心脑血管病的发病风险,介导情绪和行为改变,从而间接影响了认知功能.因此对于雾霾严重的地区,有必要采取更加积极的措施降低雾霾程度,尽可能减少雾霾造成的损害.

abstractsHaze pollution is a mixture of many substances,the main components of which are sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxides and particulate matter (PM). The study found that PM2. 5 not only affects the respir-atory and cardiovascular system,but also affects cognitive function,resulting in cognitive impairment such as memory loss and executive function decline. With the increase of PM2. 5 concentration,cognitive function gradually declines. Haze can cause organic changes in brain tissue. Studies have shown that haze can cause inflammation,oxidative stress response,neurodegeneration and other central nervous system damage,and lead to cognitive impairment by interfering with gene expression and regulation process. Haze increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,mediates emotional and behavioral changes,thus indirectly af-fecting cognitive function. Therefore,in areas with severe haze,it is necessary to take more active measures to reduce the degree of haze and minimize haze damage.