摘要目的:探讨高一新生阈下自闭特质对社交回避与苦恼的影响，以及观点采择的中介作用，并且考察基于观点采择的干预方案对高阈下自闭特质者观点采择能力以及社交回避与苦恼行为的干预效果。方法:2018年9月1—30日，使用自闭谱系商数量表、中文版人际反应指数量表、社交回避与苦恼量表对1 401名被试进行问卷调查。按照统计学上27%的筛选标准，筛选出自闭谱系商数量表得分从高到低共378名被试作为高阈下自闭特质组，并最终选取自闭谱系商数量表得分高的前32名被试，并随机分为干预组( n＝16)和控制组( n＝16)。采用改编的观点采择团体辅导方案对16名高阈下自闭特质被试进行干预研究。使用SPSS 26.0进行共同方法偏差检验、描述性分析、相关分析和重复测量方差分析，SPSS 26.0宏程序PROCESS插件进行中介效应分析。 结果:(1)高一新生阈下自闭特质、观点采择和社交回避与苦恼得分分别为(113.26±11.35)分、(12.34±3.95)分、(10.84±6.42)分。(2)阈下自闭特质、观点采择、社交回避与苦恼两两之间均呈显著相关( r＝－0.11~0.52，均 P<0.01)。(3)阈下自闭特质对社交回避与苦恼的直接效应显著，直接效应值为0.28，占总效应的96.55%；观点采择对社交回避与苦恼的总间接效应显著，总间接效应值为0.01，占总效应的3.45%。(4)在干预组中，后测的观点采择分数[(15.69±3.86)分]显著高于前测的观点采择分数[(10.56±4.18)分]( P<0.01)；在控制组中，前后测的观点采择得分差异无统计学意义[(10.63±3.69)分，(11.44±3.03)分]( P>0.05)。(5)在干预组中，后测的社交回避与苦恼分数[(6.38±5.01)分]显著低于前测的社交回避与苦恼分数[(15.00±6.07)分]( P<0.001)；在控制组中，后测的社交回避及苦恼分数[(15.81±6.33)分]低于前测的社交回避及苦恼分数[(19.00±5.38)分]( P<0.05)，但干预组的社交回避与苦恼分数下降幅度更大。 结论:观点采择在阈下自闭特质、社交回避与苦恼间起中介作用，基于观点采择的团体辅导有利于提升高阈下自闭特质者的观点采择能力，减少社交回避与苦恼行为。

abstractsObjective:To explore the influence of sub-threshold autistic traits on social avoidance and distress of senior high school freshmen, as well as the mediating effect of perspective taking, and to investigate the intervention effect of perspective taking intervention project on improving the ability of perspective taking and reducing social avoidance and distress behavior of high sub-threshold autistic traits individuals.Methods:A total of 1 401 subjects were investigated with the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ), interpersonal reactivity index-C (IRI-C) and social avoidance and distress (SAD) from September 1st to September 30th, 2018. According to the screening criteria of 27% statistically, totally 378 subjects were selected according to the scores of autistic spectrum quotient scale from high to low as the high sub-threshold autistic traits group. The top 32 subjects with high scores of autistic spectrum quotient scale were selected and randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 16 subjects in each group. The modified viewpoint selection group counseling program was used to conduct intervention research on 16 subjects with high sub-threshold autistic traits. SPSS 26.0 was used for common method deviation test, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and repeated measurement variance analysis, and SPSS 26.0 PROCESS plug-in was used for intermediary effect analysis.Results:(1) The scores of sub-threshold autistic traits, perspective taking, social avoidance and distress of freshmen in senior high school were (113.26±11.35), (12.34±3.95) and (10.84±6.42) respectively. (2) Sub-threshold autistic traits, perspective taking, social avoidance and distress were significantly correlated with each other( r=-0.11-0.52, all P<0.01). (3) Sub-threshold autistic traits had a significant direct effect on social avoidance and distress, with a direct effect value of 0.28, accounting for 96.55% of the total effect.The total indirect effect of perspective taking on social avoidance and distress was significant, with the total indirect effect value of 0.01, accounting for 3.45% of the total effect. (4) In the intervention group, the perspective taking score of the post-test (15.69±3.86) was significantly higher than that of the pre-test (10.56±4.18) ( P<0.01). In the control group, there was no significant difference in the scores of perspective taking before and after the test((10.63±3.69), (11.44±3.03)) ( P>0.05). (5) In the intervention group, the scores of social avoidance and distress in the post-test (6.38±5.01) were significantly lower than that in the pre-test (15.00±6.07) ( P<0.001). In the control group, the score of social avoidance and distress in the post-test (15.81±6.33) was lower than that in the pre-test (19.00 ±5.38) ( P<0.05), but the scores of social avoidance and distress in the intervention group decreased even more. Conclusion:Perspective taking plays an mediating role between sub-threshold autistic traits and social avoidance and distress. Group counseling based on perspective taking was helpful to improve the perspective taking ability of people with high sub-threshold autistic traits and reduce social avoidance and distress behaviors.