摘要目的:探讨青少年体育锻炼、自我控制与手机依赖之间的关系。方法:2020年8月至2021年3月采用整群随机抽样法抽取南昌市五所初中882名学生被试，使用体育活动等级量表、自我控制量表、青少年手机依赖量表对所有被试进行2次调查，两次调查之间间隔6个月。第一阶段的问卷调查结果标记为T1，第二阶段的问卷调查结果标记为T2。运用SPSS 26.0统计软件对各研究变量依次进行信度分析、共同方法偏差检验和Pearson相关分析，利用Amos 23.0进行交叉滞后分析，比较体育锻炼、自我控制与手机依赖的关系。结果:青少年体育锻炼得分为(17.71±5.62)分，自我控制得分为(51.48±9.71)分，手机依赖得分为(56.67±12.93)分。青少年体育锻炼、自我控制、手机依赖均有跨时间稳定性相关，T1体育锻炼与T2体育锻炼( r＝0.489)、T1自我控制与T2自我控制( r＝0.482)、T1手机依赖与T2手机依赖( r＝0.498)之间呈正相关(均 P<0.01)。交叉滞后分析显示：青少年体育锻炼能单向预测6个月后自我控制( β＝0.197， P<0.01)和手机依赖( β＝－0.224， P<0.01)，自我控制可以单向预测6个月后初中生的手机依赖( β＝－0.560， P<0.01)。中介效应结果显示，自我控制在体育锻炼与初中生手机依赖间具备中介效应，中介效应占总效应的22.22%(－0.018/－0.081)。 结论:体育锻炼能通过影响自我控制而间接降低初中生的手机依赖。

abstractsObjective:To explore the relationship among physical exercise, self-control, and mobile phone dependence in adolescents.Methods:The entire group of random sampling method was used to extract 882 students from five junior high schools in Nanchang city from September 2020 to March 2021.A longitudinal survey was conducted using the sports activity rating scale, self control scale, and adolescent mobile phone dependence scale on all participants for 2 times with an interval for 6 months.The questionnaire results in the first stage were marked as T1.The questionnaire results in the second stage were marked as T2.SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to conduct reliability analysis, common method bias test and Pearson correlation analysis on each variable in sequence.AMOS 23.0 was used for cross-lag analysis to explore the relationship among physical exercise, self-control and mobile phone dependence.Results:The score of physical exercise of adolescents was (17.71±5.62), the score of self-control was (51.48±9.71), and the score of mobile phone dependencies was (56.67±12.93). Adolescent physical exercise, self-control, and mobile phone dependence were all related to stability across time.There were positive correlation between T1 physical exercise and T2 physical exercise ( r=0.489), T1 self-control and T2 self-control ( r=0.482), as well as T1 mobile phone dependencies and T2 mobile phone dependencies ( r=0.498)(all P<0.01). Cross-lag analysis showed that: adolescent physical exercise behavior could unidirectionally predict self-control( β=0.197, P<0.01)and mobile phone dependence( β=-0.224, P<0.01) after 6 months, and self-control could predict the mobile phone dependence( β=-0.560, P<0.01) of junior high school students after 6 months.The mediating effect results showed that self-control had a mediating effect between physical exercise and mobile phone dependence of junior high school students, there were gender differences.The mediating effect accounted for 22.22%(-0.018/-0.081). Conclusion:Physical exercise can indirectly reduce the mobile phone dependence of junior high school students by affecting self-control.