摘要目的：比较右美托咪定与咪达唑仑经鼻给药用于小儿扁桃体、腺样体切除术术前镇静和预防术后躁动的临床效果。方法择期行扁桃体腺样体切除术患儿60例，3～7岁，按随机数字表法分为3组（ n ＝20）：DEX1（右美托咪定1μg／kg滴鼻）组、DEX2（右美托咪定2μg／kg滴鼻）组、MID （咪达唑仑0．2mg／kg滴鼻），术前30min滴鼻，观察患儿镇静评分、与父母分离时的镇静情绪评分、对套管针穿刺的接受程度、术后躁动的发生率及不良事件。结果 DEX2（2μg／kg）组的术前镇静评分及术后躁动的发生率显著低于其他两组（ P ＜0．05）。结论右美托咪定2μg／kg经鼻给药能够提供满意的术前镇静效果，并显著降低小儿全麻术后躁动的发生。

abstractsObjective To compare the sedative effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine and midazo-lam for premedication in children,and the effect of reducing agitation after general anesthesia.Methods Sixty pediatric patients,age 3~7, ASA I~II,were randomly allocated into 3 groups(DEX1,DEX2,MID) with 20 cases for each group.The children received intranasal dexmedetomidine 1.0μg/kg ( group DEX1) , dexmedetomidine 2.0μg/kg (group DEX2),midazolam 0.2 mg/kg(group MID) 30min before induction re-spectively.The sedation status, behavior scores, emergence agitation and other complications after surgery were observed.Results Children in group DEX2 were significantly more sedated after general anesthesia when compared with other groups ( P <0.05).Conclusions The sedative effect of intranasal dexmedeto-midine is satisfying for premedication in children.And the effect of reducing agitation after general anesthe-sia is superior to that of midazolam.