摘要目的:探讨常温体外循环辅助胸骨上段小切口治疗主动脉瓣病变手术的安全性及效果。方法:回顾性分析2014年3月至2016年6月在河北医科大学第二医院行常温体外循环辅助胸骨上段单切口微创主动脉瓣置换的25例患者与低温体外循环下主动脉瓣置换手术25例患者的临床资料。前者作为微创手术组行胸骨上段小切口呈"J"型锯开胸骨，术中行常温体外循环辅助；后者作为常规手术组行常规胸骨正中中低温体外循环下主动脉瓣置换术，比较两组患者手术效果及并发症发生情况。结果:两组患者围术期均无死亡病例。其中微创手术组的手术时间与常规手术组相比较，差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。微创手术组主动脉阻断时间、体外循环时间[(50.0±6.8)、(69.5±9.7) min]长于常规手术组[(45.8±7.2)、(65.0±8.8) min]，差异有统计学意义( t＝2.120、2.052， P均<0.05)；微创手术组输注红细胞量、血浆量、术中出血量、手术切口长度、术后24 h引流量、术后24 h白细胞计数、术后24 h C反应蛋白浓度、术后24 h总输血量、呼吸机辅助时间、ICU停留时间及引流管保留时间[85.1(42.3，181.3) ml、108.5(79.4，173.8) ml、186.4(132.6，307.6) ml、(4.2±0.8) cm、130.0(88.1，224.3) ml、14.2(9.8，17.1)×10 9/L、14.0(9.9，23.2) mg/L、186.6(135.3，302.1) ml、3.7(2.3，6.8) h、25.2(20.6，35.6) h、31.2(26.4，41.9) h]低于常规手术组[354.2(150.2，507.2) ml、211.9(119.2，281.5) ml、378.4(220.9，496.5) ml、(13.8±6.5) cm、365.8(171.8，511.3) ml、20.4(13.6，24.7)×10 9/L、28.6(14.4，39.3) mg/L、405.1(185.3，570.1) ml、7.7(4.2，10.2) h、52.8(30.8，69.3) h、57.2(37.6，71.9) h]，差异有统计学意义(统计量值分别为 Z＝3.393、2.696、2.781， t＝7.329， Z＝3.151、2.638、2.493、2.597、2.472、3.254、3.338； P均<0.05)。微创手术组住院费用与常规手术组比较，差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)，微创手术组与常规手术组患者术后并发症总发生率[12%(3/25)与44%(11/25)]比较，差异有统计学意义( P＝0.025)。 结论:常温体外循环辅助在胸骨上段单切口治疗主动脉瓣病变的手术中具有创伤小、并发症少、恢复快等优点。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the safety and effect of the operation of the upper sternum small incision assisted by normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in the treatment of aortic valve disease.Methods:From March 2014 to June 2016, the clinical data of 25 patients who underwent single incision minimally invasive aortic valve replacement assisted by normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University and 25 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement under hypothermia cardiopulmonary bypass were analyzed retrospectively.The former was used as minimally invasive surgery group, and the sternum was sawn in " J" shape through a small incision on the upper sternum.In the latter group, aortic valve replacement was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass.The operation effect and complications of the two groups were compared.Results:There was no death in the two groups.There was no significant difference in operation time between minimally invasive surgery group and routine operation group ( P>0.05). The time of aortic occlusion and cardiopulmonary bypass in minimally invasive surgery group ((50.0±6.8), (69.5±9.7) min) was longer than those in routine operation group ((45.8±7.2), (65.0±8.8) min), the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.120, 2.052, all P<0.05). In the minimally invasive operation group, red cell volume, plasma volume, intraoperative bleeding volume, incision length, postoperative 24-h drainage volume, postoperative 24-h leukocyte count, postoperative 24-h C-reactive protein concentration, postoperative 24-h total blood transfusion volume, ventilator-assisted time, ICU stay time and drainage tube retention time(85.1(42.3, 181.3) ml, 108.5(79.4, 173.8) ml, 186.4(132.6, 307.6) ml, (4.2±0.8) cm, 130.0(88.1, 224.3) ml, 14.2(9.8, 17.1)×10 9/L, 14.0(9.9, 23.2) mg/L, 186.6(135.3, 302.1) ml, 3.7(2.3, 6.8) h, 25.2(20.6, 35.6) h, 31.2(26.4, 41.9) h) were lower than those in the routine operation group (354.2(150.2, 507.2) ml, 211.9(119.2, 281.5) ml, 378.4(220.9, 496.5) ml, (13.8±6.5) cm, 365.8(171.8, 511.3) ml, 20.4(13.6, 24.7)×10 9/L, 28.6(14.4, 39.3) mg/L, 405.1(185.3, 570.1) ml, 7.7(4.2, 10.2) h, 52.8(30.8, 69.3) h, 57.2(37.6, 71.9) h), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ((the statistical values were Z=3.393, 2.696, 2.781, t=7.329, Z=3.151, 2.638, 2.493, 2.597, 2.472, 3.254, 3.338, respectively; all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the minimally invasive operation group and the routine operation group( P>0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the minimally invasive operation group and the routine operation group was (12% (3/25) and 44% (11/25)), the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.025). Conclusion:CPB with normal temperature has the advantages of less trauma, fewer complications and faster recovery in the operation of single incision in the upper part of sternum.