摘要Acute myocardial infarction(AMI),characterized by high incidence and mortality rates,poses a significant public health threat.Reperfusion therapy,though the preferred treatment for AMI,often exacerbates cardiac damage,leading to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI).Consequently,the development of strategies to reduce MI/RI is an urgent priority in cardiovascular therapy.Chinese medicine,recognized for its multi-component,multi-pathway,and multi-target capabilities,provides a novel approach for alleviating MI/RI.A key area of interest is the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)pathway.This pathway is instrumental in regulating inflammatory responses,oxidative stress,apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and ferroptosis in MI/RI.This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway's structure and its influence on MI/RI.Additionally,it reviews the latest research on leveraging Chinese medicine to modulate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in MI/RI treatment.