摘要163 previously untreated acute leukemia patients ranging in age from 11 to 59 years were randomized to receive BCG, measles vaccine, or both in combination shortly after they were started on induction chemotherapeutic regimens, while 58 who received chemotherapy alone served as controls. In the group of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 41 (85.4%) of 48 treated with chemo-immunotherapy and 13 (81.3%) of 16 treated with chemotherapy alone achieved complete remissions. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.5). In the group of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), 62 (53.9%) of 115 patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy and 13 (31.0%) of 42 treated with chemotherapy alone achieved complete remissions. The difference in remission rate between the 2 groups was statistically significant (p<0.025). The use of both BCG and measles vaccine in combination with chemotherapy was significantly more effective in inducing remissions than either alone.