摘要Objective To review HIV/AIDS epidemic history,current situation and prevention policy in China.Data sources Information included in this article was identified by searching PUBMED(1997-2006)online resources using the key terms"HIV/AIDS","epidemic","prevention",and"China".Study selection Original milestone articles and critical reviews written by major pioneer investigators of the field were selected.Results The key issues related to the HIV/AIDS epidemic situation in China and Chinese government prevention policy were summarized.HIV/AIDS epidemic groups and trends for HIV transmission were discussed.Conclusion In January 2006,650 000 people were estimated to be living with HIV in China.The overall HIV/AIDS epidemic is at a low level(0.05%)and concentrated in several at risk populations.However,the data show that new cases of HIV infection are growing every year and spreading from at risk populations to the general population.Premier WEN Jia-bao announced the"Four frees and one care"policy and the Chinese government has developed a series of programs with strong policy measures to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS in China.