摘要目的 观察芥子气对兔角膜损伤的病理变化及病变过程中淋巴细胞的变化,以探讨淋巴细胞在发病过程中的作用. 方法 35只新西兰大白兔按随机数字表法分为7组,实验组用400μL/L芥子气液0.2 ml接触角膜4 min,根据致伤时相点分为6个亚组,即15 min、2h、1,3,4,8周组,各组取角膜组织行HE染色和免疫组化染色,观察淋巴细胞变化. 结果 实验组15 min、2h组角膜上皮完全脱落,基底膜裸露,肿胀增厚,基质层疏松水肿,胶原纤维排列松散.1周组急性修复期角膜上皮增生呈复层化；3,4周组慢性炎症期角膜上皮基底层细胞呈不规整柱状排列；8周组约10％发生迟发反应:角膜上皮再次部分脱失,基底膜外露,水肿增厚,基质层胶原疏松水肿.免疫组化Envision染色显示,角巩膜缘区基质层内淋巴单核细胞CD20、CD45RO、LCA表达阳性.结论 浓度为400μL/L的芥子气接触角膜4 min可导致角膜的直接损伤和迟发性损伤,前者约在第1周出现；迟发性角膜损伤在第8周出现.淋巴细胞介导的细胞和体液免疫反应可能参与了其发病过程.

abstractsObjective To observe the pathologic changes of corneal lesions in rabbits induced by mustard gas and changes of lymphocytes in the pathologic development so as to discuss the role of lymphocytes in the pathogenic process.Methods Thirty-five New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into experiment group and control group according to the random number table.In experiment group,rabbits were exposed to 0.2 ml of mustard gas liquid (400 μl/L) for a period of 4 minutes and were divided into 6 subgroups at 15 min,2 h,1 w,3 w,4 w,and 8 w after injury.Corneal tissue from each group was collected to detect changes of lymphocytes with aid of HE and immunohistochemical stainings.Results In experiment group,corneal epithelium was dropped totally,basement membrane was exposed,swelling was thickened,matrix layer was loosened and swelled,and collagen fibre was ranged loosely at 15 minutes and two hours ; corneal epithelium appeared multi-layer hyperplastic change in acute restoration period at 1 week; basal corneal epithelium cells appeared irregular column arrangement in chronic inflammation period at 3 and 4 weeks; around 10％ of toxic corneas had delayed reaction with partial corneal epithelium resloughed,fundus membrane appeared,edema thickened,and stroma collagens loosened and swelled at eight weeks.Immunohistochemical Envision staining showed positive expression of plymphomonocytes (CD20,CD45RO,and LCA) inside matrix layer at corneoscleral junction.Conclusions Ocular exposure to 400 μ/L mustard gas for a period of four minutes leads to direct and delayed lesions to cornea,which presents at one week and eight weeks respectively.The lymphocyte-mediated cellular and humoral immunity responses may be involved in the pathogenic process.