摘要热环境增加高温作业人员发生热损伤的风险，充分认识热环境对高温作业人员机体的影响和危害，对提高高温作业人员防暑意识、减少作业时的职业性热损伤具有重要意义。笔者主要从热环境的定义、热环境对人体主要功能系统影响的机制、热应激的影响因素及防护研究进展进行综述，为高温作业人员对热致疾病的认识及防护提供参考。

abstractsThe thermal environment increases the risk of thermal injury for persons under high temperature environment. A full understanding of the effects and hazards of the thermal environment on the human body is of great significance to improve the awareness of persons under high temperature environment and reduce occupational heat damage during work. The authors mainly review the thermal environment from aspects of the definition, mechanism of its influence on main functional systems of the human body, influencing factors of heat stress and progress of protection, so as to provide references for the identification and protection of heat-induced diseases for workers under high temperature environment.