摘要目的:探讨手术时机选择对老年髋部骨折预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2015年12月期间解放军总医院第七医学中心骨科收治的814例老年髋部骨折患者资料。男272例，女542例；年龄为60~99岁，平均79.9岁；根据美国麻醉师协会（ASA）分级将患者分为全身状态好（ASA分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级，403例）和全身状态较差（ASA分级Ⅲ、Ⅳ级，411例）两类，每类患者根据是否在入院后48 h内手术再分为2组：早期手术组和晚期手术组。分别比较早期手术组与晚期手术组患者的住院时间、并发症发生率、术后30 d和1年死亡率、术后1年日常生活活动(ADL)评分等。结果:在全身状态好的患者中，两组患者术前一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05），具有可比性。早期手术组患者术后30 d死亡率[0%（0/94）]、术后1年死亡率[5.3%（5/94）]显著低于晚期手术组患者[4.2%（13/309）、14.2%（44/309）]，住院时间[（9.6±5.2）d]显著短于晚期手术组患者[（12.3±5.9）d]、术后1年ADL评分[75（70，85）分]显著高于晚期手术组患者[70（60，80）分]，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。两组患者的并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。在全身状态较差的患者中，两组患者术前一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05），具有可比性。早期手术组患者住院期间并发症发生率[42.2%（35/83）]显著高于晚期手术组患者[30.5%（100/328）]，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。而两组患者术后30 d和1年死亡率、住院时间及术后1年ADL评分比较差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。 结论:对于老年髋部骨折，若患者身体状态好，可尽快实施手术；若患者一般状况差，不能一味强调早期手术，需评估身体状态后再选择合适的手术时机。

abstractsObjective:To analyze the impacts of operative timing on the operative outcomes in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A cohort of 814 elderly patients with hip fracture were analyzed retrospectively who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The 7th Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army from January 2012 to December 2015. They were 272 males and 542 females, aged from 60 to 99 years (average, 79.9 years). They were divided into 2 categories according to their systemic status by the American Association of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification. There were 403 cases of ASA class Ⅰ and Ⅱ in the good status category and 411 cases of ASA class Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the poor status category. Each category was further divided into one early operation group and one late operation group depending on whether the patients were operated on within 48 hours after admission. The 2 groups were compared in terms of hospital stay, incidence of complications, 30-day and 1-year mortalities, and 1-year activities of daily living(ADL) scores.Results:In the good status patients there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the preoperative general data, showing compatibility ( P>0.05). The early operation group showed significantly lower 30-day mortality [0% (0/94)] and 1-year mortality [5.3% (5/94)], significantly shorter hospital stay (9.6 d ± 5.2 d) and significantly higher 1-year ADL scores [75 (70, 85)] than the late operation group [4.2% (13/309) and 14.2% (44/309), 12.3 d ± 5.9 d, and 70 (60, 80), respectively] (all P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence of complications between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). In the poor status patients there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the preoperative general data, showing compatibility ( P>0.05). The incidence of complications in the early operation group [42.2% (35/83)] was significantly higher than in the late operation group [30.5% (100/328)] ( P< 0.05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in 30-day mortality, 1-year mortality, hospital stay or 1-year ADL score ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For the elderly patients with hip fracture, operation can be carried out as soon as possible if they are in good physical condition, and early operation is not necessary if they are in poor systemic condition because operation should be carried out at an appropriate time after evaluation of their physical condition allows.