摘要目的 探讨膝关节原发性滑膜骨软骨瘤病(PSO)的超声表现。方法 回顾性分析38例经手术病理证实的膝关节PSO患者的术前超声检查结果。结果 260个钙化型结节呈中等回声，结节内见多少不一的斑点状及团块状强回声。289个骨化型结节呈偏强或强回声团，或仅见结节近侧弧条形强回声伴后方声影。26个混合型结节呈混杂中强回声，或伴后方声影。40个滑膜内软骨型小结节表现为增厚滑膜内类圆形低回声结节,30个滑膜表面小结节呈高回声与滑膜以蒂相连并可随探头加压而移位变形或摆动，常并存其他类型结节。10个软骨型大结节表现为类圆形或分叶状低或中等回声结节。结论 超声能够很好地显示膝关节PSO的各类型结节，特别是非钙化的早期较小的软骨型结节，并能正确指导手术方案。

abstractsObjective To explore the ultrasound appearance of primary synovial osteochondromatosis (PSO) of the knee. Methods Thirty-eight cases with PSO were confirmed by pathology, their ultrasound features were analyzed retrospective. Results Two hundred and sixty calcify nodules showed medium echo and several motting or bolus strong echo. Two hundred and eighty-nine ossify nodules showed slightly strong echo or strong echo,or only showed arc strong echo with rear sound shadow near nodules. Twenty-six mixed type nodules showed promiscuity moderately strong echo or with rear sound shadow. Forty introsynovium cartilage lesser nodules showed synovium thickening and similar round low echo nodules,30 sursynovium lesser nodules showed high echo, with a pedicel connected to synovium, can shift deform or sway because of the pressure from transducer, often concomitance other type nodules. Ten cartilage greater nodules showed similar round or lobulated low or medium echo tuberculum. Conclusions Ultrasound can show multiple nodules of PSO of the knee, especially noncalcific nonage smaller cartilage nodules. It is helpful for clinicians to decide more reasonable operation strategy.