摘要目的 探讨术中实时三维经食管超声心动图(RT 3D-TEE)在二尖瓣脱垂患者外科手术治疗中的应用价值.方法 选择经胸超声心动图(2D-TTE)诊断为二尖瓣脱垂(伴或不伴腱索断裂),并进行外科手术治疗的35例患者,于麻醉后体外循环之前行RT 3D-TEE检查,将2D-TTE及RT 3D-TEE结果与术中所见进行比较.并在手术完成心脏复跳后即刻再次进行检查,评价手术疗效.结果 与手术医师术中发现相比较,术中RT 3D-TEE判断脱垂瓣区的符合率为91.4％(32/35),而2D-TTE的符合率为82.9％(29/35),二者差异有统计学意义；对合并腱索断裂、赘生物形成及血栓形成诊断的灵敏性、特异性及Youden指数RT 3D-TEE均优于2D-TTE.28例行瓣膜成形术,7例行人工机械瓣置换术.3例患者因术中及时评估而避免二次手术.结论 术中RT 3D-TEE可提供独特的“外科医生观”,全面显示瓣膜病变性质,对制定瓣膜手术方案具有重要参考价值.术中即刻评价自体成形瓣膜或人工瓣膜的功能,提高了手术的成功率.

abstractsObjective To investigate the value of the intraoperative real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT 3D-TEE) in therapeutic application of surgery for the mitral valve prolapse.Methods Thirty-five patients underwent surgical treatment were diagnosed as mitral valve prolapse by 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE),with or without ruptured chordae tendineae.RT 3D-TEE was performed for assessing the segment of prolapse and its complications before cardiopulmonary bypass and after heart resuscitation respectively.The echocardiographic results were compared with the surgical findings.Results The accuracy of RT 3D-TEE to identify segments with prolapse was significantly higher than that of 2D-TTE (91.4％ vs 82.9％,P =0.003).RT 3D-TEE was more accurate than 2D-TTE for identifying ruptured chordae tendineae,vegetation and thrombus since higher sensitivity,specificity and Youden index.Among all 35 patients,valvuloplasty was performed in 28 cases,whereas,only 7 cases underwent replacement of prosthetic valves.Three patients were benefited by accurate evaluation of therapeutic effect using RT 3D-TEE in time.Conclusions Intraoperative RT 3D-TEE can be used to provide “ surgical view”,acquired adequate valuable information of mitral valve,and more reliable functional and anatomical assessment of the mitral valve components and its geometry.Suitable surgical intervention can be designed for improving outcomes of patients.