摘要目的:评价运动负荷超声心动图联合二维斑点追踪左室分层应变技术在高血压患者亚临床心肌损害及储备功能中的诊断价值。方法:收集2018年10月至2020年1月于四川省人民医院进行平板运动负荷试验的健康受检者51例(对照组)，高血压患者55例(高血压组)；根据欧洲高血压防治指南，高血压患者的纳入标准：血压≥140/90 mmHg或明确服用降压药物的患者，排除相关心血管疾病。应用斑点追踪软件分析两组静息和运动负荷峰值状态常规参数，包括左室质量指数、左室舒张末容积指数、左室射血分数等。根据采集的标准图像分别在静息和负荷峰值状态对两组左室(三腔、两腔、四腔、整体)长轴应变和左室短轴(乳头肌水平)心内膜、中膜、外膜的圆周应变进行分析比较，同时对各应变参数在静息和负荷状态的差异特征即收缩功能储备进行评价。结果:高血压组常规超声参数在负荷峰值期与静息比较仅E/A、e/a值差异无统计学意义(均 P>0.05)，其余参数差异有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)，其中E/e值在峰值期明显升高[(12.1±0.38)]，提示高血压患者的运动峰值舒张储备功能受损。两组长轴及圆周分层应变值自心内膜至外膜均呈现逐渐降低趋势，静息期长轴和圆周心内膜应变在高血压组均降低，负荷峰值期在两组间差异更明显，整体长轴心内膜应变静息期对照组(24.4±1.5)%、高血压组(20.4±2.3)%、峰值期对照组(30.8±2.8)%、高血压组(22.8±2.9)%(均 P<0.05)。组内不同状态比较，峰值期高血压组部分分层应变与静息状态比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)，而对照组的峰值应变均显著升高，提示高血压患者的左室收缩储备功能较对照组降低。 结论:左室分层应变可有效评价高血压患者的心肌功能，在运动负荷峰值状态参数差异更明显，运动负荷超声联合左室分层应变技术可作为检测高血压患者心肌功能损害的新方法。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of exercise stress echocardiography combined with left ventricular two-dimensional speckle tracking layer-specific strain technique in evaluating subclinical myocardial damage and reserve function in patients with hypertension.Methods:A total of 51 healthy subjects(control group) and 55 hypertensive patients (hypertension group) were enrolled in the treadmill exercise stress test in Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital from October 2018 to January 2020. According to the European Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension, the inclusion criteria for patients with hypertension were: blood pressure≥140/90 mmHg or who explicitly took antihypertensive drugs, and related cardiovascular diseases were excluded. The conventional parameters of resting and peak exercise, including left ventricular mass index, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular ejection fraction et al, were analyzed by speckle tracking software in two groups. According to the standard images in the resting and peak exercise, the endocardium /mid-myocardium /epicardium of left ventricular (three-, two-, four-chamber and global) longitudinal strain and circumferential strain (papillary muscle level) were compared respectively in two groups. The characteristics of strain differences and the systolic function reserve between the resting and peak exercise were evaluated.Results:There were significant differences in conventional ultrasound parameters between resting and peak exercise period in hypertension group, except E/A and e/a ratio (all P<0.05), and E/e value increased significantly(12.1±0.38) during peak exercise, indicating impaired diastolic reserve function. The longitudinal and circumferential layer-specific strain values from endocardial to epicardial were gradually decreased in both two groups. Compared with the control group, the resting longitudinal and circumferential endocardial strain values in hypertensive group were decreased, and the differences were more obvious at peak status, for instance global longitudinal endocardium strain at rest[control group (24.4±1.5)%, hypertension group (20.4±2.3)%], peak status[control group (30.8±2.8)%, hypertension group (22.8±2.9)%]( P<0.05). There were no significant differences of the partial layer-specific strain values between the peak exercise and resting status in hypertension group, while peak layer-specific strain of the control group were all significantly increased, suggesting that the left ventricular systolic reserve function of hypertension patients was lower than that of the control group. Conclusions:Left ventricular layer-specific strain can effectively evaluate the myocardial function in patients with hypertension, especially the endocardial strain can be used as an indicator parameter, and the peak exercise stress state is more sensitive. The systolic and diastolic reserve function of the left ventricle in patients with hypertension at the peak period are reduced to different degrees. Exercise stress echocardiography combined with left ventricular layer-specific strain technique can be used as a new method for detection of myocardial function impairment in patients with hypertension.