摘要目的 观察多巴胺对听觉传入神经的抑制作用及其频率选择性,为进一步探讨多巴胺在内毛细胞下突触复合体中的调控作用奠定基础.方法 健康杂色豚鼠40只,随机分为4组,行全耳蜗灌流:①灌流人工外淋巴液组;②灌流10 mmol/L多巴胺组;③灌流30 mmol/L多巴胺组;④灌流50 mmol/L多巴胺组.灌流过程中分别在第0 h、1 h和2 h通过蜗窗记录不同频率刺激声(250、500、1000、2000、4000、8000及16 000 Hz)所引出的复合动作电位(CAP)阈值和4000 Hz刺激声所引出的耳蜗微音器电位(CM)的幅值.结果 灌流人工外淋巴液前后各频率CAP阈值差异均没有统计学意义(P值均>0.05);灌流多巴胺后大部分频率的CAP阈值提高,与灌流前相比差异具有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),而且随着多巴胺浓度的增加,其抑制作用也逐渐增强;灌流后各组内不同刺激声频率间的CAP阈移存在差异,灌流30 mmol/L多巴胺时最明显,该组中4000 Hz和8000 Hz处阈移最大.灌流人工外淋巴液和多巴胺对CM的非线性没有明显影响,灌流前后CM的相对幅值差异没有统计学意义(P值均>0.05).结论 多巴胺对豚鼠听觉传入神经具有抑制性作用,而对外毛细胞无影响;这种抑制作用具有频率选择性,对高频纤维的抑制作用较强,而对低频的抑制作用较弱.

abstractsObjective To investigate the suppressive effect and its frequency selection of dopamine on the cochlear auditory afferent nerve activity. To offer an important step in understanding the modulation of dopamine in the inner cell synaptic complex. Methods Forty guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups and the whole intracochlear perfusions were performed: (1) perfused with artificial perilymph solutions; (2) perfused with artifical perilymph solutions containing 10 mmol/L dopamine; (3) perfused with artificial perilymph solutions containing 30 mmol/L dopamine; (4) perfused with artifical perilymph solutions containing 50 mmol/L dopamine. Compound action potential (CAP)evoked by different frequencies (250 Hz,500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz, 8000 Hz, 16 000 Hz) and cochlear microphonics (CM) evoked by4000 Hz tone burst were recorded from the roud window of guinea pigs before perfusion and 1 hours, 2 hours after perfusions. Results There was no significant difference in CAP threshold before and after perfusion in the artificial perilymph solutions group (P > 0.05) . An increase of CAP threshold of most detecting frequencies were observed in the three dopamine-perfused groups(P <0. 05). The inhibition effect intensedwith the increasing of the concentration of dopamine in the perfusion solution. There was significant difference in CAP threshold shift between different frequencies, especially in the group perfused with30 mmol/L dopamine. The maximal threshold shift was found at 4000 Hz and 8000 Hz. No significant changes of CM amplitude and non-linearity of input-output function were observed before and after perfusion with artificial perilymph solutions and dopamine. Conclusions Dopamine can inhibit the cochlear auditory afferent nerve, but there is no obvious influence on outer hair cell produced by dopamine. The inhibition effect has frequency selection, the suppression on high frequencies is more stronger than low frequencies.