摘要目的 探讨正常青年人言语诱发听性脑干反应(speech evoked auditory brainstemresponse,speech-ABR)的电生理特性及其与诱发言语声学特性的关系,并比较和分析与短声诱发听性脑干反应(click evoked auditory brainstem response,click-ABR)的差异.方法 记录31名31耳正常听力青年短声及合成言语/da/诱发的听性脑干反应.计算/da/和speech-ABR的时域及频域参数,并分析两者的关系.结果 正常青年人speech-ABR由一系列主波组成,可分为起始部分(包括V,A波)、过渡部分(C波)、频率跟随部分(D-E-F波)和终止部分(O波).A波分别与V、C、D、E及F波潜伏期有相关性(P＜0.05),其中与V波潜伏期的相关性最强(r=0.847,P＜O.01);D、E及F波潜伏期相互间相关(P＜0.01);C波只与OR部分的V波和A波有相关性(P＜0.05);O波潜伏期呈相对独立性,与其他主波无相关(P＞0.05).与click-ABR相比,speech-ABR的V波和Ⅲ波潜伏期延迟(P＜0.01),Ⅲ波出现率降低(P＜0.01),而Ⅰ波潜伏期的延迟和出现率的降低无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 speech-ABR是研究人类听觉诱发电位的一种新手段,其成分主要来源于脑干.speech-ABR主要成分关联密切,类似于听性脑干诱发电位中短声诱发的Ⅰ～Ⅴ波、SNIO及低频声诱发的FFR的结合,较好地反应了刺激言语的声学信息,是研究听觉言语处理机制的良好工具.

abstractsObjective To determine the electrophysiological characteristics of speech evoked-ABR, which are then related to the acoustic properties of stimulus sound in terms of the latencies of the main components, and moreover compared to the conventional click-ABR to explore their underying relationships. Methods The speech-ABR and click-ABR were recorded from 31 healthy young adults without any hearing problem examined by audiometric screen processes. The speech syllable/da/was synthesized by Kiattmethod. The ABRs recorded by the same clinic certificated instrument following established protocols and the stimulus sound was processed and analyzed in both time and frequency domain by a software package developed on Matlab platform. Results The main components of speech-ABR were clearly identified, and were categorized into onset response, frequency following response, transitional response and offset response in responding to the stimulus sound structure involving consonant and vowel portions. The latency of peak A significantly correlated with that of peaks Ⅴ,C,D,E and F respectively(P＜0.05),especially with V. Furthermore, the latencies of peak D,E, and F are significantly correlated with each other(P＜0.01).Transitional component peak C was only correlated with peak Ⅴ and A(P＜0.05);and offset wave O was independent to all the other peaks(P＞0.05).The latencies of speech-Ⅴ and peak Ⅲ were significantly delayed in comparison with their counterparts of click-ABR(P＜0.01).It was observed that the appearance rate of wave Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of click-Ⅲ(P＜0.01),while there was no significant delay and low appearance rate for wave-Ⅰobserved in speech-ABR(P＞0.05).Conclusions This study verified the clear patterns of speech-ABR from healthy aduhs, the main components of which are closely related and analogues to the combination of the main waves of click-ABR,SNIO and FFR evoked by low-frequency tone. It offers a promising tool in the study of speech coding and processing mechanisrm.