摘要目的 了解中国农村地区母乳喂养婴儿体格发育特点,提供农村地区母乳喂养婴儿体格发育参考数据.方法 借鉴世界卫生组织(WHO)2006年新标准制定方法,在我国6省社会经济状况及营养状况相对较好地区的30个乡镇,纵向随访1058名生后0～12个月龄婴儿的体重、身长、头围3项指标,随访密度共16次.随访结束后,对其中满足母乳喂养婴儿界定的764名婴儿体格发育随访数据,采用SAS和SPSS软件进行统计分析..结果 新生儿期农村母乳喂养婴儿体重每周增长速度逐步加快,身长、头围则基本呈匀速增长,在生后第1个月分别约增加体重980 g、身长4.4 cm和头围2.9 cm.婴儿体重月增长值在生后第2个月达到高峰,随后逐步下降;身长和头围则持续呈下降趋势.整个婴儿期体重、身长、头围分别增加了6.2～6.6 kg、24.8～25.3 cm和11.4～11.9 cm.与WHO2006年新标准比较,农村地区母乳喂养婴儿体重除新生儿期外,余年龄点均高于新标准约80～510 g;身长女童大部分年龄点高于WHO标准,男童则低于WHO标准,但差距均在0.5 cm以下..结论 中国农村地区母乳喂养婴儿的生长发育潜能达到WHO2006年新标准.本研究为农村母乳喂养婴儿体格发育评价提供重要参考数据.

abstractsObjective To understand growth pattern of breast-fed infants in rural areas and provide relevant reference data. Method In 30 towns of economically better developed rural regions of six provinces in China, 1058 subjects were recruited by the project, and their weight, length, and head circumference were measured longitudinally from birth to 12 months of age. The monitoring frequency was 16 times in total.Among these samples, 764 cases met the breast-fed infants definition by WHO. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS and SPSS software. Result In the first month after birth, the increment per week of breast-fed infants' weight gain has gradually accelerated, while length and head circumference showed a uniform rate. The three indicators in the neonatal period, respectively, attained an increase of about 980 g,4.4 cm and 2.9 cm. Monthly increment of infant weight gain reached a peak at 2 months old, and then gradually declined. The remaining two indicators continued to decline. During the first year after birth, the infants' weight, length, and head circumference increased by 6.2- 6.6 kg, 24.8 -25.3 cm and 11.4 -11.9 cm respectively. Compared to WHO 2006 new growth standard, rural breastfed infant weight was about 80-510 g higher, but not in neonatal period. For length, boys' average values were about 0.2-0.5 cm lower than WHO standard in most of the month groups, while girls' values were slightly higher. Conclusion The growth potential of rural breast fed infants in China reached WHO 2006 new standard. This study provided reference data for breast-fed infants' growth in rural areas.