摘要目的 调查上海、重庆、银川和昆明地区年龄≥6岁连续咳嗽2周以上的儿童及青少年中百日咳博德特菌感染情况.方法 2008年11月1日至2009年10月31日期间,收集年龄≥6岁,连续咳嗽2周以上患儿血清和鼻咽拭子,采用百日咳博德特菌培养、多重PCR及ELISA检测百日咳博德特菌毒素IgG(PTIgG)方法进行百日咳博德特菌检测.结果 入组患儿1001例,入组者白百破(DPT)疫苗接种率93.5%.百日咳博德特菌感染率11.3%(113/1001),其中6～8岁组感染率为7.2%(22/307),10岁组11.2%(28/249),～12岁组10.4%(22/212),～18岁组17.6%(41/233),各年龄组百日咳博德特菌感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=2915.2,P＜0.01).上海地区总感染率16.7%(65/402),高于其他地区(χ2=3003.0,P＜0.01).结论 尽管儿童及青少年普遍接种白百破疫苗,百日咳博德特菌感染仍是儿童持续性咳嗽的一个重要致病因素.

abstractsObjective Pertussis is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. This disease, though preventable by vaccination, the resurgence or persistence was reported frequently in developed countries. The current clinical epidemiology of pertussis in China is scarcely known.In this multicenter clinical study, we investigated the prevalence of pertussis in children and adolescents with persistent cough in Shanghai, Chongqing, Kunming and Yinchuan. Method The nasopharyngeal swabs and serum (single) were collected from subjects aged ≥ 6 years with cough for more than 2 weeks during November 2008 to October 2009. The culture and multiplex PCR assays were used to identify the B. Pertussis, and ELISA assay ( Viron/serion, Germany) was used to test the antibody to pertussis toxin (PTIgG). The laboratory confirmed B. Pertussis were culture positive and or PCR positive, and or PTIgG ＞80 FDA-U/ml (single serum). Result Totally 1001 subjects were enrolled; 93.5% of subjects were immunized with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine (DPT). The subjects were divided into group 1 aged from 6 to 8 years, group 2 (age -10 years), group 3 (age -12 years) and group 4 (age -18 years). The numbers of subjects of the four groups were 307,249,212, and 233; 113 subjects were B. Pertussis positive ( 11.3% ), 888 subjects were B. Pertussis negative. The infection rates of the four groups were 7. 2% (22,307), 11.2% (28,249), 10.4% (22,212) and 17.6% (41,233) respectively (χ2 =2915.2,P＜0.01＝The total infection rate in Shanghai was 16.7% (65,402), which was higher than that in the other regions (χ2 = 3003.0, P ＜ 0.01 ＝. Conclusion Although the immunization rates of DPT is high, B. Pertussis infection is still an important etiological factor associated with persistent cough in children and adolescent.Doctors and the laboratory staff should pay attention to diagnosis of pertussis.