摘要目的:测定半乳糖凝集素7（Galectin-7）在哮喘患儿血清和痰液中的表达水平。方法:前瞻性病例对照研究。纳入2022年1月至2023年9月于首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院国家呼吸疾病临床研究中心临床部二病区确诊为支气管哮喘的183例患儿为哮喘组。纳入同科室同期41例其他支气管疾病患儿为疾病对照组，纳入同期43名健康体检且无不适症状的儿童为正常对照组。将哮喘组分为急性发作期与非急性发作期。将急性发作期分为轻度、中度和重度急性发作；非急性发作期分为轻度、中度和重度持续。根据血清Galectin-7水平将哮喘组非急性发作期患儿分为高Galectin-7组和低Galectin-7组。收集患儿血清及部分患儿痰液，通过酶联免疫吸附实验检测Galectin-7水平，组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验或Kruskal-Wallis检验分析或 χ2检验。 结果:183例哮喘组中男110例、女73例，哮喘急性发作期61例、非急性发作期122例。41例疾病对照组中男26例、女15例，支气管扩张24例、闭塞性支气管炎17例。43名正常对照组中男22名、女21名。哮喘组中急性发作哮喘患儿血清Galectin-7水平高于正常对照组［0.1（0，0.7）比0（0，0.2）μg/L， Z=2.09， P=0.001］，哮喘组中急性发作哮喘患儿痰液Galectin-7水平高于疾病对照组［1.2（0.1，3.7）比0.4（0.1，1.5）μg/L， Z=2.20， P<0.001］。哮喘组中非急性发作期哮喘患儿血清Galectin-7水平均高于疾病对照组及正常对照组［0.6（0.3，1.2）比0.1（0，0.5）和0（0，0.2）μg/L， Z=-6.12、-7.63，均 P<0.001］。Galectin-7水平与哮喘严重程度（ r=0.77， P<0.001）、病程（ r=0.34， P=0.001）、既往发作次数（ r=0.51， P<0.001）均呈明显正相关。高Galectin-7组和低Galectin-7组患儿各61例，高Galectin-7组中有多种哮喘诱因者、阳性家族史者比例、哮喘既往发作次数、哮喘病程及血清总IgE水平均高于低Galectin-7组（ χ2=9.30、22.46、 Z=5.06、3.57、2.31，均 P<0.05）。 结论:Galectin-7水平在哮喘患儿血清和痰液中表达升高，与病情严重程度、病程及既往发作次数相关。

abstractsObjective:To observe the expression of Galectin-7 in the serum and sputum of asthmatic children and to explore its significance in asthmatic children.Methods:The study prospectively case-control selected 183 children diagnosed with bronchial asthma at Department Ⅱ of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University. The control group consisted of 41 children with other bronchial diseases and 43 healthy children. Children in the asthma group were divided into acute and non-acute exacerbation groups. Acute exacerbation group was divided as mild acute, moderate acute and severe acute groups; non-acute exacerbation group was divided as mild persistent, moderate persistent and severe persistent groups. Children without acute exacerbation asthma in the asthma group were divided into high and low Galectin-7 groups based on median serum Galectin-7 levels. Serum and sputum were collected, Galectin-7 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study compared and analyzed the differences in Galectin-7 levels between children with asthma and the control groups using Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis or the Chi-square test for inter-group comparisons. Results:Among 183 children, 61 cases had acute asthma exacerbation, and 122 cases had persistent asthma without acute exacerbation. The asthma group comprised 110 males and 73 females. The control group consisted of 41 children with other bronchial diseases, including 24 cases of bronchiectasis and 17 cases of obliterans bronchitis. The control group comprised 26 males and 15 females. Forty-three healthy children who underwent physical examination, including 22 males and 21 females. The levels of Galectin-7 in serum were significantly higher in children with an acute asthma exacerbation than that of healthy children (0.1 (0, 0.7) vs. 0 (0, 0.2) μg/L, Z=2.09, P=0.001). Galectin-7 levels in sputum were higher in children with an acute asthma exacerbation than that in children with other bronchial diseases (1.2 (0.1,3.7) vs. 0.4 (0.1, 1.5) μg/L, Z=2.20, P<0.001). Serum Galectin-7 levels were significantly higher in children with persistent asthma compared to children with other bronchial diseases and healthy children (0.6 (0.3, 1.2) vs. 0.1 (0, 0.5) and 0 (0, 0.2) μg/L, Z=-6.12 ,-7.63, both P<0.001), and the levels were significantly and positively correlated with asthma severity ( r=0.77, P<0.001), disease duration ( r=0.34, P=0.001), and number of previous attacks ( r=0.51, P<0.001). There were 61 children in the high-Galectin-7 group and 61 children in the low-Galectin-7 group. Children with high Galectin-7 had more asthma triggers, a greater proportion with a positive family history, more previous asthma attacks, longer duration of asthma, and higher serum total IgE levels compared to those with low Galectin-7 ( χ2=9.30, 22.46, Z=5.06, 3.57, 2.31, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The expression of Galectin-7 is found to be elevated in the serum and sputum of asthmatic children and correlated with asthma conditions.