摘要目的:调查成年女性盆底肌力的现状，分析影响盆底肌力的因素。方法:本研究为横断面观察性研究，收集2021年10月至2022年4月于北京大学人民医院妇科普通门诊就诊的患者作为调查对象，将符合纳入排除标准的患者纳入本研究。通过问卷记录患者的年龄、身高、体重、受教育程度、大便如厕方式和时间、生育史、最大新生儿出生体重、职业性质、久坐时间、绝经状况、家族史、疾病史；使用皮尺测量腰围、腹围、臀围等身体形态指标；使用握力计测量握力。在常规妇科检查后，采用改良牛津肌力分级（MOS）通过阴道手指触诊评估盆底肌力水平。将盆底肌力MOS>3级作为肌力正常组、MOS≤3级作为肌力减弱组，应用二元logistic回归分析盆底肌力减弱的相关影响因素。结果:本研究共纳入929例患者，平均MOS肌力分级水平为（2.8±1.2）级。经单变量分析，两组患者的生育史、绝经状态、排便时间、握力、腰围、腹围分别比较均有显著差异（ P均<0.05）。经二元logistic回归分析，握力与盆底肌力正常呈正相关（ OR=0.913，95% CI为0.883~0.945； P<0.001）；腰围增加（ OR=1.025，95% CI为1.005~1.046； P=0.016）、有生育史（ OR=2.224，95% CI为1.570~3.149； P<0.001）、久坐时间>8 h（ OR=2.073，95% CI为1.198~3.587； P=0.009）与盆底肌力减弱相关。 结论:握力水平与女性盆底肌力正常相关，腰围、生育史及久坐时间>8 h与女性盆底肌力减弱相关。预防盆底肌力减弱，需要有针对性地开展相关的健康教育，增强锻炼，提高整体力量水平，减少日常久坐时间，维持体型匀称，进行综合整体干预，提高盆底肌功能。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the present situation of pelvic floor muscle strength, and to analyze the factors affecting pelvic floor muscle strength.Methods:The data of patients who were admitted into the general outpatient department of gynecology, Peking University People′s Hospital from October 2021 to April 2022 were collected, and the patients who met the exclusion criteria were included in this cross sectional study. The patient′s age, height, weight, education level, defecation way and defecation time, birth history, maximum newborn birth weight, occupational physical activity, sedentary time, menopause, family history and disease history were recorded by questionnaire. Morphological indexes such as waist circumference, abdomen circumference and hip circumference were measured with tape measure. Handgrip strength level was measured with grip strength instrument. After performing routine gynecological examinations, the pelvic floor muscle strength was evaluated by palpation with modified Oxford grading scale (MOS). MOS grade>3 was taken as normal group and ≤3 as decreased group. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate the related factors of deceased pelvic floor muscle strength.Results:A total of 929 patients were included in the study, and the average MOS grade was 2.8±1.2. By univariate analysis, birth history, menopausal time, defecation time, handgrip strength level, waist circumference and abdominal circumference were related to the decrease of pelvic floor muscle strength (all P<0.05). By binary logistic regression analysis, the level of handgrip strength ( OR=0.913, 95% CI: 0.883-0.945; P<0.001) was correlated with normal pelvic floor muscle strength; waist circumference ( OR=1.025, 95% CI: 1.005-1.046; P=0.016), birth history ( OR=2.224, 95% CI: 1.570-3.149; P<0.001), sedentary time> 8 hours ( OR=2.073, 95% CI: 1.198-3.587; P=0.009) were associated with the decrease of pelvic floor muscle strength. Conclusions:The level of handgrip strength is related to the normal pelvic floor muscle strength of females, while the waist circumference, birth history and sedentary time>8 hours are related to the decrease of pelvic floor muscle strength of females. In order to prevent the decrease of pelvic floor muscle strength, it is necessary to carry out relevant health education, enhance exercise, improve the overall strength level, reduce daily sedentary time, maintain symmetry, and carry out comprehensive overall intervention to improve pelvic floor muscle function.