摘要目的 明确在体外下腔静脉(IVC)模型中,滤器推送器角度调繁技术是否可以减少经股静脉置入Günther Tulip滤器(GTF)发生倾斜的程度.方法 IVC模型由悬吊于透明、分叉玻璃管中的1条直径25 mm、长100 mm涤纶人工血管及2条直径10 mm、长100 mm涤纶人工血管构成.经股静脉GTF滤器置入分为2组:左直组(GLS,100例次)、左弯组(GLC,100例次).GLC中,推送器前端折10°～20°角.测量并记录腔静脉右侧壁与钩的距离(DCH),根据DCH滤器倾斜程度(DT)分为5级.滤器释放前、后分别测量各组金属罩杯与下腔静脉纵轴夹角(ACM1,ACM2)和腔静脉右侧壁与金属罩杯的距离(DCM1,DCM2).另外还测量各组释放后下腔静脉纵轴与滤器纵轴夹角(ACF)以及IVC的直径(DIVC).采用x2检验、t检验、秩和检验和Pearson相关系数进行统计学分析.结果 每组GTF的倾斜程度分布各不相同.GLC与GLS中,滤器倾斜程度属于Ⅲ级分别为71例和36例,差异有统计学意义(x2=37.491,P＜0.01).2组间ACM1(16.60°和3.05°,Z值-12.187,P＜0.01)、ACM2(20.60°和3.50°,Z值-12.188,P＜0.01)、ACM1-ACM2(-3.90°和-0.40°,Z值-8.545,P＜0.01)、DCH1(2.98和10.40 mm,t值-51.834,P＜0.01)、DCH1-DCH2(-10.95°和-0.485°,Z值-11.395,P＜0.01)、DCM1(13.17和1006 mm,t值9.562,P＜0.01)和ACF(-1.70°和0.70°,Z值-3.596,P＜0.01)差异有统计学意义.2组中ACM1与ACF,ACM1-ACM2与DCH1-DCH2之间均呈正相关(r值分别为0.978、0.344、0.879、0.627,P值均＜0.01);2组中DCH1与ACF之间及左弯组中ACP与ACF之间均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.974、-0.322、-0.702,P＜0.01).结论 体外实验中,滤器推送器角度调整技术可以减少滤器倾斜的发生几率、减轻滤器倾斜的程度.

abstractsObjective To determine whether the adjustment of the pusher of GTF was useful to decrease the degree of tilting of the femoral Ginther Tulip filter (GTF) in an in vitro caval model. Methods The caval model was constructed by placement of a 25 mm × 100 mm and two 10 mm ×200 mm Dacron graft inside a transparent bifurcate glass tube. The study consisted of two groups: left straight group (GLS) (n =100) and left curved group (GLC) (n = 100). In the GLC, a 10° to 20° angle was curved on the introducer.The distance (DCH) between the caval right wall and the hook was measured. The degree of tilting (DT) was classified into 5 grades and recorded. Before and after the GTF being released, the angle (ACM1, 2)between the axis of IVC and the metal mount, the distance (DCM1) between the caval right wall and the metal mount, the angle (ACF) between the axis of IVC and the axis of the filter and the diameter of IVC (DIVC) were measured. The data were analyzed with Chi-Square test, t test, rank sum test and Pearson correlation test. Results The degree of GTF tilting in each group revealed a divergent tendency. In group LC, the apex of the filter tended to be grade Ⅲ compared in group LS (x2 value 37. 491 ,P ＜0.01).The differences of most variables between GLS and GLC were considered as statistical significance(16. 60° vs.3.05°, 20.60° vs. 3.50°, -3.90°vs. -0.40°, 2.98 mm vs. 10.40 mm, - 10.95° vs. -0.485°,13. 17 mm vs. 10.06 mm, - 1.70° vs. 0.70°, t or Z values - 12. 187, - 12. 188, -8.545, -51.834,-11. 395,9. 562, -3. 596, P ＜ 0. 01). There exist significant positive correlation between ACM1 and ACF,ACM1 - ACM2 and DCH1 - DCH2 in each group, respectively(r values 0. 978,0. 344,0. 879,0. 627 ,P ＜0. 01),while significant negative associations are detected between DCH1 and ACF in each group , ACP and ACF in group LC(r values -0.974, -0.322, -0.702,P＜0.01). Conclusion The technique of adjusting the orientation of filter pusher had minimized the incidence and extent of GTF filter tilting in vitro.