摘要目的:探讨并行采集技术、联合压缩感知（uCS）技术、智能光梭成像（ACS）技术三维T 1WI结构像对于脑区分割的价值。 方法:该研究为横断面研究。前瞻性连续收集2023年7至9月在宁波大学附属康宁医院接受颅脑MRI检查的50例患者。男25例、女25例，年龄13~87岁。对患者进行头颅MRI扫描，采集无加速因子三维T 1WI（3D-T 1WI组），加速因子为3的并行采集技术三维T 1WI（3D-T 1WI-PI-3组），加速因子为4.5、6.9的uCS技术三维T 1WI（3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9组），加速因子为3、5的ACS技术三维T 1WI（3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组）及T 2WI液体衰减反转恢复（FLAIR）图像，并采用主观评分（脑灰质、白质清晰度评分，脑白质变性病灶与周围白质的清晰度评分和Gibbs伪影评分）和客观指标［信噪比（SNR）、对比噪声比（CNR）、脑脊液信号均匀度、峰值信噪比（PSNR）、结构相似性指数（SSIM）和自然图像质量评价器（NIQE）］评价图像质量。利用uAI Research Portal图像分析工具对109个脑区进行分割并测量体积。采用 Kappa或组内相关系数（ ICC）评价3D-T 1WI-PI-3组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组与3D-T 1WI组主客观评价指标的一致性， Kappa或 ICC值>0.70为一致性良好。 结果:3D-T 1WI组、3D-T 1WI-PI-3组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组扫描时间分别为527、204、169、95、133、90 s。主观评价：3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组脑灰质、白质清晰度评分例数分布分别与3D-T 1WI组一致性良好（ Kappa值均为1.000）；3D-T 1WI-PI-3组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组脑白质病灶与周围白质的清晰程度评分例数分布分别与3D-T 1WI组一致性良好（ Kappa值分别为0.775、0.701、0.777）；3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组Gibbs伪影评分的例数分布与3D-T 1WI组一致性良好（ Kappa值均为1.000）。客观评价：3D-T 1WI-PI-3组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9组图像CNR与3D-T 1WI组一致性良好（ ICC分别为0.720、0.759、0.752）：图像PSNR、SSIM在3D-T 1WI-PI-3组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组间一致性良好（PSNR： ICC=0.854；SSIM： ICC=0.851）；3D-T 1WI-PI-3组、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5组、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3组图像NIQE与3D-T 1WI组一致性良好（ ICC分别为0.866、0.727、0.753）。3D-T 1WI-PI-3、3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5、3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9、3D-T 1WI-ACS-3、3D-T 1WI-ACS-5组图像上分割的各脑区体积与3D-T 1WI分割结果的 ICC值逐渐降低，但 ICC均≥0.62。 结论:uCS和ACS技术3D-T 1WI在脑分割中与3D-T 1WI分割结果有较高的一致性，且可以显著缩短扫描时间、图像质量较好，具有重要的应用价值。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the value of three-dimensional (3D) T 1WI structural images using different acceleration methods including parallel acquisition technique, joint compressed sensing (uCS) technique, and artificial intelligence-assisted compressed sensing (ACS) technique for brain region segmentation. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, fifty patients (female: n=25, age range: 13 to 87 years old) at Corning Hospital of Ningbo University from July to September 2023 were prospectively and consecutively collected. All the subjects underwent brain MRI. Six groups of 3D T 1WI structural images were obtained using different acceleration technique and parameters, including 3D T 1WI without acceleration factor (3D-T 1WI group), 3D T 1WI with parallel acquisition technique with acceleration factor 3 (3D-T 1WI-PI-3 group), 3D T 1WI with uCS technique with acceleration factor 4.5 and 6.9 (3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9 group), 3D T 1WI by ACS technique with acceleration factors of 3 and 5 (3D-T 1WI-ACS-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 group). T 2WI fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images were also acquired. Subjective scores (cerebral grey matter and white matter clarity scores, clarity scores of cerebral white matter degeneration lesions in relation to the surrounding white matter, and Gibbs artifact scores) and objective metrics [signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), cerebrospinal fluid signal homogeneity, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and natural image quality evaluator (NIQE)] were used to evaluate image quality in different groups. Totally 109 brain regions were segmented and volumes were measured using the uAI Research Portal image analysis tool. Kappa or intraclass correlation coefficient ( ICC) was used to evaluate the agreement of subjective and objective evaluation indexes between the 3D-T 1WI-PI-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9 group, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 group, and 3D-T 1WI group. Kappa or ICC value>0.70 was considered as good agreement. Results:The acquisition time for the 3D-T 1WI group, 3D-T 1WI-PI-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9 group, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3 group, and 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 group were 527, 204, 169, 95, 133, 90 s, respectively. Subjective evaluation showed that the 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3, and 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 groups had excellent agreement with the 3D-T 1WI group in terms of the distribution of cases of cerebral grey matter and white matter clarity scores, respectively (all Kappa value=1.000); The distribution of cases of clarity score of cerebral white matter lesions and surrounding white matter in the 3D-T 1WI-PI-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5 group, and 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3 group were in good agreement with that of the 3D-T 1WI group ( Kappa values of 0.775, 0.701, and 0.777, respectively); the distribution of the number of cases of the Gibbs artifact score of the 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3, and 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 groups was in good agreement with the 3D-T 1WI group (all Kappa value=1.000). Objective evaluation showed the CNR of the images in the 3D-T 1WI-PI-3, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5, and 3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9 groups were in good agreement with those of the 3D-T 1WI group ( ICC of 0.720, 0.759, and 0.752, respectively); PSNR and SSIM were in good agreement among the 3D-T 1WI-PI-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9 group, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3 group, and 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 group (PSNR: ICC=0.854; SSIM: ICC=0.851). NIQE of 3D-T 1WI-PI-3 group, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5 group, and 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3 group images were in good agreement with the 3D-T 1WI group ( ICC value of 0.866, 0.727, 0.753, respectively). The ICC values of the volume of each segmented brain region among the 3D-T 1WI-PI-3, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-4.5, 3D-T 1WI-uCS-6.9, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-3, 3D-T 1WI-ACS-5 group and the 3D-T 1WI group images showed decreased in order (all ICC≥0.62). Conclusions:The uCS and ACS techniques used in 3D-T 1WI show high agreement with 3D-T 1WI in terms of brain segmentation. The application of these accelerating techniques can significantly shorten the acquisition time with obtaining images with good image quality, displaying great value.