摘要目的 检测可食用野生蘑菇中人工放射性核素137 Cs和天然放射性核素40K的含量及分布特点,计算野生蘑菇中放射性核素水平及其所致剂量.方法 采集了产自云南省芒市的18类33份可食用野生蘑菇样品,用实验室低本底高纯锗(H PGe)γ谱仪分析了其中放射性核素137Cs、40K的含量.结果 33份样品中,仅l份样品137Cs的含量在探测限之下,其余32份样品中均可检测出137Cs,比活度范围值为0.45 ～ 339.58 Bq/kg(干重),平均值25.47 Bq/kg(干重).所有样品均检测出天然放射性核素40K,核素比活度最小值和最大值分别为453.4、1 882.6 Bq/kg(干重),平均值为815.1 Bq/kg(干重).当去除只有1个样品数的蘑菇种类后,毛钉菇、美味牛肝菌、白牛肝菌、锈盖粉孢牛肝菌、香菇、茶褐牛肝菌6个种类蘑菇间137 Cs含量差异有统计学意义(F=21.13,P＜0.05),而40K含量差异无统计学意义.结论 6类不同蘑菇中137Cs含量不同,其中毛钉菇、香菇中人工放射性核素137Cs含量相对较高.但食入此类蘑菇对成人所致待积有效剂量极其微小,不会影响健康.

abstractsObjective To determine the activity concentration of radionuclides for 137Cs and 40K in edible wild mushrooms,and to evaluate the extent of radioactive contamination and ingestion doses to adults from consumption of these wild mushrooms.Methods A total of 33 samples for 18 edible wild mushroom species were collected from natural forest Mangshi,Yunnan province.The activity concentrations of 137Cs and 40K were analyzed by using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry.Results Except.for one sample that was below the MDA,137Cs artificial radionuclides were detected in other 32 samples,with activity concentration of 137Cs in the range of 0.45-339.58 Bq/kg (dry weight) and an average of 25.47 Bq/kg (dry weight).In regards to 40K in edible mushrooms,all species presented the activity concentrations for this radionuclide and the levels varied from 453.4 to 1 882.6 Bq/kg (dry weight),with an average of 815.1 Bq/kg (dry weight).After species of mushroom with only one sample were eliminated,there was significant difference for 137Cs(F =21.13,P ＜ 0.05) among 6 species of mushroom named Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing.,Boletus edulis bull,Boletus edulis bull,Tylopllus bolloul (Peck) Sing.,Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.and Boletus brunneissimus W.F.Chin,but without significant difference for 40K.Conclusions These 6 different mushroom species have different capacity to retain radionuclides of 137Cs in soil.These wild mushrooms,such as Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing.and Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.have large affinity ability for radionuclides137Cs.The effective dose to adults attributable to consuming these kinds of mushrooms is small and below the level that could cause harm.