摘要目的 掌握天津市X射线诊断设备医疗照射频度,为规范医疗照射管理,合理配置和使用医疗卫生资源提供建议.方法 采用普查的方式,以行政文件形式下发调查表格,对天津市687家医院(部队和武警医院除外)的X射线诊断设备基本情况和医疗照射诊疗情况进行调查,了解天津市2018年X射线诊断设备的基本情况和诊疗人次.将调查的各类型放射诊疗人次数除以2018年全市常住人口数,得出不同X射线诊断设备的应用频度,并对结果加以分析.结果 2018年天津市共有X射线诊断设备(含介入放射学)1 562台,平均每万人拥有1.00台.天津市从事X射线诊断工作(含介入放射学)的放射工作人员共4 782人,操作每台设备的放射工作人员数为3.06人/台,其中三级医院最高,为5.25人/台、未定级医院最低,为1.18人/台.全市X射线诊断医疗照射8 905 970人次,其中三级医院占54.81％、二级医院占18.00％、一级医院占16.21％、未定级医院占10.98％;X射线摄影检查占71.30％,年频度为407.84人次/千人口、CT检查占21.81％,年频度为124.74人次/千人口、介入放射学占1.04％,年频度为5.98人次/千人口,其他X射线检查占5.85％,年频度为33.47人次/千人口.结论 天津市X射线诊断设备配置基本合理,X射线诊断医疗照射频度呈上升趋势,各X射线诊断检查类别分布的合理性还需进一步提高,做好医疗照射防护,降低群体剂量水平,保护广大公众的健康和安全,是今后放射防护工作的重要课题.

abstractsObjective To assess the frequency of medical exposure from X-ray diagnostic equipment in Tianjin,and provide recommendations for regulating medical radiation management and rational allocation and use of medical and health resources.Methods Using the census method,questionnaries were issued in the form of an administrative document to investigate the basic information on X-ray diagnostic equipment and medical procedure frequency in 687 hospitals (excluding military and armed police hospitals) in 2018.Mean values of frequencies were derived by dividing the number of procedures for each type of X-ray equipment by the total number of permanent residents.Results There were 1 562 pieces of X-ray diagnostic equipment (including interventional radiology),with an average of 1.00 unit per 10 000 population.There were 4 782 radiation workers engaged with X-ray diagnostic work (including interventional radiology),averaged on 3.06 workers per unit,with the highest of 5.25 workers per unit in tertiary hospitals and the lowest of 1.18 in ungraded hospitals.The city's X-ray diagnostic medical exposure came from 8 905 970 medical procedures,including 54.81％ for tertiary hospitals,18.00％ for secondary hospitals,16.21％ for primary hospital,and 10.98％ for ungraded hospitals.X-ray photography contributed 71.30％ with annual frequency of 407.84 examinations per 1 000 population,CT scans 21.81％ with annual frequency of 124.74 examinations per 1 000 population,interventional radiology 1.04％,with annual frequency of 5.98 examinations per 1 000 population,and other types of X-ray examinations 5.85％ with annual frequency of 33.47 examinations per 1 000 population.Conclusions The configuration of X-ray diagnostic equipment in Tianjin is basically reasonable.The frequency of X-ray diagnostic medical exposure is increasing year by year.The rationality of the distribution of X-ray diagnostic examinations needs to be further improved.To reduce dose to population,for the public health and safety is important issues in the future of radiation protection.