摘要当今电离辐射已成为威胁人类健康的重要因素，探索有效的防护策略是放射医学领域研究的重要课题。及时使用辐射防护剂是减少电离辐射对机体正常组织损害最直接有效的方法，大量基于清除自由基、增强DNA损伤修复、诱导辐照组织缺氧及旁效应阻滞等机制的新型辐射防护剂逐渐被开发。本文总结了近年来国内外研究报道的多种辐射防护剂及其潜在的分子生物学机制，为探索新型电离辐射医学防护制剂提供理论参考。

abstractsNowadays, ionizing radiation has become one of the risk factors for human healthy. Exploring effective protective strategies are important topics in radiological medicine. Timely using of the radiation protection agents are the most direct and effective medical protective strategy for reducing the damage of ionizing radiation to normal tissues of the body. A large number of new radiation protective agents based on mechanisms such as scavenging of free radicals, promoting DNA damage repair, inducing hypoxia of irradiated tissues and blocking bystander effect have been developed gradually. This review summarizes a variety of radiation protective agents, and their potential molecular biological mechanisms reported in recent years, to provide theoretical reference for exploring novel medical protective agents of ionizing radiation.