摘要目的:计算不同甲状腺－颈部刻度模体和测量位置对便携式γ谱仪的全能峰探测效率影响，为更加准确开展人体甲状腺内 131I活度现场测量提供指导。 方法:在对4种典型的甲状腺－颈部模体和用于甲状腺内 131I活度测量的便携式3英寸NaI(TI) γ谱仪进行建模的基础上，结合可能的现场测量情景，利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算便携式NaI(TI) γ谱仪在不同测量距离、不同甲状腺深度、不同甲状腺体积等条件下的全能峰(364.5 keV)探测效率。 结果:NaI(TI) γ谱仪的探测效率随探测器与颈部表面距离增加而显著递减，紧贴颈部表面的探测效率约为距颈部表面15 cm的15倍；探测效率随甲状腺深度增加而明显降低，在颈部表面测量时，深度为2 mm的探测效率约为30 mm的3.6倍；探测效率随甲状腺体积增大而减小，在颈部表面测量时，体积为1 ml的探测效率是30 ml的1.71倍；探测效率随探测器中心偏移而降低，尤其是在颈部表面测量时，中心偏离2 cm会导致探测效率下降约15%。结论:利用便携式NaI(TI) γ谱仪开展人体甲状腺内 131I活度准确测量，不仅需要掌握探测效率刻度时的测量距离，还需了解所用刻度模体内的甲状腺深度与体积。

abstractsObjective:To simulate the effects of different thyroid-neck phantoms and monitoring positions on the detection efficiency of portable γ spectrometer, and to provide guidance for more accurate on-site measurement of 131I activity in the human thyroid. Methods:Based on the models of 4 typical thyroid-neck phantoms and a 3-inch NaI (TI) γ spectrometer used for the measurement of 131I in the thyroid and combined with the possible field monitoring scenarios, the Monte Carlo method was used to simulate and calculate the detection efficiency of the spectrometer under different conditions of monitoring distance, thyroid depth and thyroid volume. Results:The detection efficiency decreased significantly with the increase in the distance between the detector and the neck surface. The efficiency close to the neck surface was about 15 times that at 15 cm away from the neck surface. The detection efficiency decreased significantly with the increase in thyroid depth. When it was measured at the surface of the neck, the detection efficiency of thyroid at depth of 2 mm was about 3.6 times that of 30 mm. The detection efficiency decreases with the increase in thyroid volume. When it was measured at the neck surface, the detection efficiency of thyroid with 1 ml volume was 1.71 times that with 30 ml. The detection efficiency decreased with the center-point offset of the detector, especially at the neck surface, an offset of 2 cm would reduce the detection efficiency by about 15%.Conclusions:Not only the measurement distance used in calibration, but also the information of the depth and volume of thyroid in the neck-thyroid phantom, is important to know in advance for an accurate measurement of 131I activity in thyroid by using a portable gamma spectrometer.