摘要目的 对肺部小肿瘤的γ刀照射计划与三维适形、调强放疗计划进行剂量学比较,评估其优缺点.方法 选择14例肺部小肿瘤患者分别做γ刀照射计划(计划1)及5个野三维适形(计划2)、调强放疗计划(计划3),使计划靶体积(PTV)与95%PTV的剂量一致,分析各计划PTV的适形指数(CI)、均匀指数(HI),肺接受5～30 Gy照射体积占全肺体积百分比(V5、V10、V20、V30),以及食管及脊髓最大受照剂量.3个计划间两两比较采用配对t检验.结果 1、2、3计划的CI值分别为0.58、0.46、0.63[计划1＞计划2(t=-3.95,P=0.000),计划3＞计划2(t=-6.01,P=0.000),计划1=计划3(t=1.64,P=0.116)];HI值分别为1.66、1.10、1.07[计划1＞计划2、计划1＞计划3(t=-20.52、21.41,P均=0.000),计划2=计划3(t=-1.08,P=0.294)].双肺V5、V10、V20、V30在计划1中均最小(10.0%、5.6%、2.4%、1.2%),计划3次之(20.2%、13.4%、6.9%、3.0%),计划2最大(26.5%、18.0%、11.4%、4.6%);计划1＜计划2(t=9.68、8.41、5.45、5.14,P均=0.000),计划1＜计划3(t=7.58、8.95、6.15、4.78,P均=0.000),计划2＞计划3(t=9.71、5.91、4.13、3.91,P均=0.000).计划1、2、3的食管最大受量分别为(24.93±21.54)、(31.90±18.75)、(29.19±23.09)Gy,计划1＜计划2(t=-2.71,P=0.013)、计划1=计划3(t=-1.49,P=0.152),计划2=计划3(t=1.35,P=0.193);脊髓最大受量分别为(12.07±10.67)、(17.70±11.35)、(8.92±10.04)Gy,计划2＞计划1＞计划3(t=-2.38、2.29、4.83,P=0.1027、0.033、0.000);每个病灶的3个计划均满足食管最大剂量≤60 Gy、脊髓最大剂量≤40 Gy要求.结论 肺部小肿瘤γ刀照射计划与三维适形、调强放疗计划比较,其对肺的损伤最小,但靶区均匀性较差、脊髓最大受量较调强放疗计划高.

abstractsObjective To compare dose distribution in gamma knife radiotherapy plan, conformal radiotherapy(CRT)plan and intensity modulated radiotherapy(MRT)plan for patients with small mass in lung, and evaluate their characters. Methods Fourteen patients with small mass in lung participated in the study. Gamma knife radiotherapy plan(plan 1), CRT plan(plan 2)and IMRT plan(plan 3)were made for each mass. The planning target volume(PTV)and the dose include 95% PTV were consistent.Conformal index(CI), homogeneity index(HI), lung V5 ,V10 ,V20 ,V30 and the max dose of esophagus and spinal cord were analyzed. Paired samples t-test was used for comparison between each two plans. Results The CI of the plan 1,2 and 3 were 0. 58,0. 46 and 0. 63, respectively. CI of the plan 1 ＞ that of the plan 2 (t= -3.95,P =0.000),plan 3 ＞ plan 2(t = -6.01 ,P =0.000),plan 1 =plan 3(t =1.64,P =0.116);HI of the plan 1,2 and 3 were 1.66,1.10 and 1.07 respectively. HI of the plan 1 ＞ plan 2 ,plan 1 ＞ plan 3(t= -20.52,21.41 respectively, both P=0. 000),plan 2 = plan 3(t= -1.08,P=0.294). The wholelung V5 ,V10 ,V20 and V30 were 10.0% ,5.6% ,2. 4% and 1.2%, respectively, in plan 1 ;20. 2% ,13. 4%,6. 9% ,3.0%, respectively, in plan 3; and 26. 5%, 18. 0%, 11.4% and 4. 6%, respectively, in plan 2.The V5, V10, V20 and V 30 of the plan 1 ＜ in plan 2(t = 9. 68,8. 41,5. 45,5. 14, all P = 0. 000), the V5,V10,V20 and V30 of the plan 1 ＜ in plan 3(t=7.58,8.95,6. 15,4.78, respectively, all P=0.000),the V5 ,V10, V20andV30 oftheplan2 ＞ inplan3(t =9. 71,5. 91,4. 13,3.91, respectively, allP =0.000).The max dose of esophagus in plan 1 ,2 and 3 were 24.93 ± 21.54, 31.90 ± 18. 75, 29. 19 ± 23.09 Gy,respectively, plan 1 ＜ plan 2(t = -2. 71 ,P=0.013),plan 1 = plan 3(t = - 1.49,P =0. 152),plan 2 =plan 3(t = 1.35, P = 0. 193). The max dose of spinal cord in plan 1,2 and 3 were 12.07 ± 10. 67,17.70 ±11.35 and 8.92 :± 10. 04 Gy, respectively, plan 2 ＞ plan 1 ＞plan 3(t = -2. 38,2. 29,4. 83,P=0. 1027,0.033,0.000);All three plans of each mass meet the needs that the max dose of the esophagus≤60 Gy and the max dose of spinal cord ≤40 Gy. Conclusions The dose of the normal lung was lower, but the HI and the max dose of spinal cord were higher in Gamma knife radiotherapy plan than those in the CRT and the IMRT plan of the small mass in lung.