摘要对于局部晚期直肠癌,新辅助放化疗后行手术切除,再行术后辅助化疗,已发展为标准治疗模式.新辅助治疗可使肿瘤病灶发生不同程度的退缩,部分患者术后病理证实达到完全缓解,有助于增加直肠癌患者根治性手术概率,并降低复发率,改善患者的远期预后.近年来,新辅助治疗疗效的预测和评估,成为临床医生关注的焦点.在影像学方面,常规的形态成像技术,不能够准确反映新辅助放化疗后肿瘤治疗效果,而DWI-MRI、DCE-MRI、PET-CT等功能成像技术不仅能够反映肿瘤退缩程度,还可以反映治疗前后肿瘤功能代谢方面的变化,因而更为准确.现对直肠癌新辅助放化疗影像学疗效评价方法的应用现状进行综述.

abstractsFor locally advanced rectal cancer,neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,followed by surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy has become a standard treatment mode.Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy can induce the tumors to shrink to different extent.Partial patients can obtain complete remission validated by postoperative pathological examination,which contributes to increasing the probability of radical surgery for rectal cancer patients,reducing the recurrence rate and improving the long-term clinical prognosis.In recent years,the prediction and evaluation of the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy has captivated widespread attentions from clinicians.In terms of imaging methods,conventional morphological imaging techniques cannot accurately assess the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,whereas DWI-MRI,DCE-MRI,PET-CT and other functional imaging techniques can not only reflect the degree of tumor shrinkage,but also reveal the changes in the functional metabolism of tumors before and after treatment and yield higher accuracy.In this article,recent application of imaging techniques in the evaluation of clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer was reviewed.