摘要目的:探讨双螺纹弹性带锁髓内钉与螺纹弹性髓内钉治疗锁骨中段骨折的疗效。方法:2017年8月至2020年9月采用双螺纹弹性带锁髓内钉治疗锁骨中段骨折患者33例（双螺纹钉组），男14例、女19例；年龄（52.09±16.32）岁；Robinson分型：2A2型20例、2B1型6例、2B2型7例。选取同期32例采用螺纹弹性髓内钉固定治疗（单螺纹钉组）作为对照，男13例、女19例；年龄（43.25±15.03）岁；Robinson分型：2A2型19例、2B1型5例、2B2型8例。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中切口长度、骨折愈合时间、内固定取出时间、Constant-Murley肩关节评分和上肢功能障碍（disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, DASH）评分、骨折复位情况及术后并发症。结果:两组患者术后均获得随访，双螺纹钉组16~48周，平均23.7周；单螺纹钉组15~51周，平均22.9周。双螺纹钉组与单螺纹钉组手术时间分别为（19.45±6.74）min和（19.59±4.98）min，术中切口长度分别为（1.70±0.79）cm和（1.73±0.84）cm，骨折愈合时间分别为（12.12±1.29）周和（13.88±1.84）周，内固定取出时间分别为（13.09±1.31）周和（15.69±1.94）周。末次随访时，Constant-Murley肩关节评分分别为（93.18±3.78）分和（90.09±4.03）分，DASH评分分别为（1.49±0.49）分和（3.85±1.13）分；两组手术时间、切口长度的差异无统计学意义（ t=0.01、0.19， P>0.05），而骨折愈合（ t=3.70， P<0.001）、内固定取出时间（ t=6.34， P<0.001）、Constant-Murley肩关节评分（ t=3.19， P<0.001）、DASH评分（ t=10.95、 P<0.001）差异均有统计学意义。双螺纹钉组健侧锁骨长度为（16.38±1.09）cm，取内固定后患侧锁骨长度为（16.33±1.12）cm，患侧未见明显短缩畸形，双侧锁骨长度比较差异无统计学意义（ t=1.57， P=0.127）；单螺纹钉组健侧及取内固定后患侧锁骨长度分别为（16.55±1.12）cm和（15.12±1.18）cm，差异有统计学意义（ t=8.02， P<0.001）。双螺纹钉组与单螺纹钉组锁骨术后短缩值分别为（9.47±2.12）mm和（17.41±2.42）mm，差异有统计学意义（ t=14.07， P<0.001）。术后双螺纹钉组发生滑囊炎5例、皮肤激惹2例，单螺纹钉组发生滑囊炎6例、皮肤激惹3例、短缩畸形愈合4例、出现断钉1例（更换内固定后骨折延迟愈合）；其余患者均骨性愈合，未出现退钉、伤口感染、骨折延迟愈合或不愈合、神经血管损伤。 结论:两种弹性髓内钉均为治疗锁骨中段骨折的有效术式，且手术时间短、创伤小；双螺纹弹性带锁髓内钉较螺纹弹性髓内钉骨折愈合时间更短、内固定取出时间更早、肩关节及上肢功能更好、更少发生短缩畸形。

abstractsObjective:To compare the efficacy of double thread elastic locking intramedullary nail (ELIN) and threaded elastic intramedullary nail (TEIN) in the treatment of mid-shaft clavicular fracture.Methods:From August 2017 to September 2020, 33 patients with mid-shaft clavicular fractures were treated with ELIN (double threaded nail group), including 14 males and 19 females, age 52.09±16.32 years old; Robinson classification: 20 cases of type 2A2, 6 cases of type 2B1, and 7 cases of type 2B2. Thirty-two patients were selected as the control group with TEIN fixation (single threaded nail group) during the same period, including 13 males and 19 females; age 43.25±15.03 years old; Robinson classification: 19 cases of type 2A2 and 5 cases of type 2B1, 8 cases of 2B2 type. The operation time, intraoperative incision length, fracture healing time, internal fixation removal time, Constant-Murley shoulder joint score, disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score, fracture reduction and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The patients in both groups were followed up after operation, the double-threaded screw group was followed up for 16-48 weeks (average, 23.7 weeks), and the single threaded nail group was followed up for 15-51 weeks (average, 22.9 weeks). The operation time of the double threaded nail group and the single threaded nail group were 19.45±6.74 min and 19.59±4.98 min, and the length of the incision was 1.70±0.79 cm and 1.73±0.84 cm. The fracture healing time were 12.12±1.29 weeks and 13.88±1.84 weeks. The internal fixation removal time was 13.09±1.31 weeks and 15.69±1.94 weeks. The Constant-Murley shoulder score was 93.18±3.78 points and 90.09±4.03 points, and the DASH scores were 1.49± 0.49 points and 3.85±1.13 points; There was no significant difference in operation time and incision length between the two groups ( t=0.01, 0.19; P>0.05), while fracture healing ( t=3.70, P<0.001), internal fixation removal time ( t=6.34, P<0.001), Constant-Murley shoulder score ( t=3.19, P<0.001), DASH score ( t=10.95, P<0.001) differences were statistically significant. The length of the clavicle on the healthy side was 16.38±1.09 cm in the double threaded nail group, and the length of the clavicle on the affected side after internal fixation removal was 16.33±1.12 cm. There was no obvious shortening deformity on the affected side, and there was no significant difference in the length of the clavicle between the two sides ( t=1.57, P=0.127). The clavicle lengths of the healthy side and the affected side after internal fixation removal in the single threaded nail group were 16.55±1.12 cm and 15.12±1.18 cm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=8.02, P<0.001). The postoperative shortening values of the double-threaded screw group and the single-threaded screw group were 9.47±2.12 mm and 17.41±2.42 mm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=14.07, P<0.001). Postoperatively, 5 cases of bursitis and 2 cases of skin irritation occurred in the double threaded nail group; While 6 cases of bursitis, 3 cases of skin irritation, 4 cases of shortening malunion, and 1 case of broken nail occurred in the single threaded nail group (fracture delayed union after replacement of internal fixation); the other patients did not experience screw retraction, wound infection, delayed fracture union or nonunion, neurovascular injury, and achieved osseous union. Conclusion:Both elastic intramedullary nails are effective surgical methods for the treatment of middle clavicle fractures, and the operation time is short and minimally invasive. However, compared with the TEIN, the fracture healing time of the double-threaded ELIN is shorter, the internal fixation removal time is earlier, the shoulder joint and upper limb function is better, and the shortening deformity is less likely to occur.