摘要目的 观察静脉注射全氟化碳乳剂(perfluorocarbon emulsion,PFCE)对大鼠减压病(decompression sickness,DCS)的防治作用.方法 以"700 kPa-60 min空气暴露、3 min减压"方案制备SD大鼠减压病模型,在高气压暴露前或暴露后即刻静脉注射PFCE(7 ml/kg),观察大鼠行为学(包括发病和死亡)以及肺、大脑和脊髓组织的病理变化.高气压暴露后以生理盐水处理,或者不经任何处理作为对照.结果 高气压暴露后即刻静脉注射PFCE的动物发病率(21.7%)显著低于生理盐水组(60.0%)(P<0.05)和空白对照组(66.7%)(P<0.01),死亡率(13.0%)显著低于空白对照组(42.9%)(P<0.05);大部分行为学及病理学指标显著改善(P<0.05).高气压暴露前静脉注射PFCE的动物发病率(80.0%)和死亡率(45.0%)与生理盐水组、空白对照组相比差异无统计学意义.结论 高气压暴露后即刻静脉注射PFCE对大鼠急性DCS具有良好的防治作用.

abstractsObjective To investigate protective effects of intravenous perfluorocarbon emulsion (PFCE) on decompression sickness (DCS) in rats.Methods An animal model was developed by using adult SD rats with the "700 kPa-60 min hyperbaric air exposure and 3 min decompression" profile.The animals were administered PFCE (7 ml/kg) intravenously immediately before compression(n=20) or after decompression (n=23).Animal behavior (including morbidity and mortality) and other symptomatic and pathologic indices were studied.The animal groups with saline (n=20) or no treatment(n=21) following exposure were used as control.Results Morbidity for the animals treated with PFCE (21.7%) was significantly lower than those treated simply with saline (60.0%)(P<0.05) or without treatment (66.7%)(P<0.01).When compared with that of the control group (42.9%),the mortality of PFCE animals (13.0%) was significantly lower (P<0.05).Most symptomatic and pathologic parameters improved notably (P<0.05).No significant differences could be seen in the morbidity (80.0%) and mortality (45.0%) of the animals treated with PFCE before compression,when a comparison was made between the PFCE treatment group and the saline or the control group (P>0.05).Conclusions Immediate intravenous administration of PFCE following hyperbaric exposure had obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on the occurrence of acute DCS.